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Mycorrhizal Fungi were More Effective than Zeolites in Increasing the Growth of Non-Irrigated Young Olive Trees

Author

Listed:
  • João I. Lopes

    (Direção Regional de Agricultura e Pescas do Norte, 5370-347 Mirandela, Portugal)

  • Margarida Arrobas

    (Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal)

  • Cátia Brito

    (Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Alexandre Gonçalves

    (Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
    Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Collaborative Laboratory Mountains of Research (MORE), Brigantia Ecopark, 5300-358 Bragança, Portugal)

  • Ermelinda Silva

    (Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Sandra Martins

    (Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Soraia Raimundo

    (Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal)

  • Manuel Ângelo Rodrigues

    (Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal)

  • Carlos M. Correia

    (Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

Abstract

Four soil treatments, consisting of two commercial mycorrhizal fungi, one zeolite and an untreated control, were arranged in a factorial design with two foliar fertilization treatments, a foliar spray and a control to study the effects of commercial mycorrhizal fungi and zeolites on the growth of young, rainfed olive trees planted in very acidic soil. The concentrations in the plant tissues of most of essential nutrients, particularly nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and boron (B), did not significantly change with the soil treatments, whereas leaf N and B concentrations significantly increased with foliar fertilization. Leaf calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) levels were found to be much lower than their respective sufficiency ranges and increased with soil amendments, also giving positive outcomes for plant water status, photosynthetic activity and assimilation area. Ultimately, the mycorrhizal fungi increased the growth of the young trees, whereas the effect of zeolites was much smaller and not significantly different to the control. Thus, it seems that in this very acidic soil and under rainfed conditions, the major benefits for plants from the application of mycorrhizal fungi and zeolites were the alleviation of drought stress and tissue Ca and Mg disorders.

Suggested Citation

  • João I. Lopes & Margarida Arrobas & Cátia Brito & Alexandre Gonçalves & Ermelinda Silva & Sandra Martins & Soraia Raimundo & Manuel Ângelo Rodrigues & Carlos M. Correia, 2020. "Mycorrhizal Fungi were More Effective than Zeolites in Increasing the Growth of Non-Irrigated Young Olive Trees," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:24:p:10630-:d:464988
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Angela Hodge & Colin D. Campbell & Alastair H. Fitter, 2001. "An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus accelerates decomposition and acquires nitrogen directly from organic material," Nature, Nature, vol. 413(6853), pages 297-299, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Valeria Medoro & Giacomo Ferretti & Giulio Galamini & Annalisa Rotondi & Lucia Morrone & Barbara Faccini & Massimo Coltorti, 2022. "Reducing Nitrogen Fertilization in Olive Growing by the Use of Natural Chabazite-Zeolitite as Soil Improver," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, September.

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