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Application of Floating Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals Polluted Water: A Review

Author

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  • Shafaqat Ali

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
    Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan)

  • Zohaib Abbas

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Rizwan

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Ihsan Elahi Zaheer

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • İlkay Yavaş

    (Department of Plant and Animal Production, Kocarli Vocational High School, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, 09100 Aydın, Turkey)

  • Aydın Ünay

    (Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, 09100 Aydın, Turkey)

  • Mohamed M. Abdel-DAIM

    (Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
    Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt)

  • May Bin-Jumah

    (Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mirza Hasanuzzaman

    (Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh)

  • Dimitris Kalderis

    (Department of Electronics Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, 73100 Crete, Greece)

Abstract

Heavy-metal (HM) pollution is considered a leading source of environmental contamination. Heavy-metal pollution in ground water poses a serious threat to human health and the aquatic ecosystem. Conventional treatment technologies to remove the pollutants from wastewater are usually costly, time-consuming, environmentally destructive, and mostly inefficient. Phytoremediation is a cost-effective green emerging technology with long-lasting applicability. The selection of plant species is the most significant aspect for successful phytoremediation. Aquatic plants hold steep efficiency for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. Water hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes ), water lettuce ( Pistia stratiotes ) and Duck weed ( Lemna minor ) along with some other aquatic plants are prominent metal accumulator plants for the remediation of heavy-metal polluted water. The phytoremediation potential of the aquatic plant can be further enhanced by the application of innovative approaches in phytoremediation. A summarizing review regarding the use of aquatic plants in phytoremediation is gathered in order to present the broad applicability of phytoremediation.

Suggested Citation

  • Shafaqat Ali & Zohaib Abbas & Muhammad Rizwan & Ihsan Elahi Zaheer & İlkay Yavaş & Aydın Ünay & Mohamed M. Abdel-DAIM & May Bin-Jumah & Mirza Hasanuzzaman & Dimitris Kalderis, 2020. "Application of Floating Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals Polluted Water: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-33, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:5:p:1927-:d:327928
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    2. Nuno Nunes & Carla Ragonezi & Carla S.S. Gouveia & Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho, 2021. "Review of Sewage Sludge as a Soil Amendment in Relation to Current International Guidelines: A Heavy Metal Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-20, February.
    3. Monika Hejna & Elisabetta Onelli & Alessandra Moscatelli & Maurizio Bellotto & Cinzia Cristiani & Nadia Stroppa & Luciana Rossi, 2021. "Heavy-Metal Phytoremediation from Livestock Wastewater and Exploitation of Exhausted Biomass," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-16, February.
    4. Yean Ling Pang & Yen Ying Quek & Steven Lim & Siew Hoong Shuit, 2023. "Review on Phytoremediation Potential of Floating Aquatic Plants for Heavy Metals: A Promising Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-23, January.
    5. Jiashi Li & Xiaoqiang Dong & Xiaofeng Liu & Xin Xu & Wei Duan & Junboum Park & Lei Gao & Yisi Lu, 2022. "Comparative Study on the Adsorption Characteristics of Heavy Metal Ions by Activated Carbon and Selected Natural Adsorbents," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-17, November.
    6. Victor Lacerda Moura & Luiz Drude de Lacerda, 2022. "Mercury Sources, Emissions, Distribution and Bioavailability along an Estuarine Gradient under Semiarid Conditions in Northeast Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-16, December.
    7. Muhammad Shahbaz Akhtar & Sohaib Aslam & Allah Ditta & Bedur Faleh A. Albalawi & Yoko Oki & Yoshitaka Nakashima, 2022. "Interspecific Variability in Growth Characteristics and Phytoremediation of Cu by Free-Floating Azolla Macrophytes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    8. Karunakaran Gowri Ahila & Balasubramani Ravindran & Vasanthy Muthunarayanan & Dinh Duc Nguyen & Xuan Cuong Nguyen & Soon Woong Chang & Van Khanh Nguyen & Chandran Thamaraiselvi, 2020. "Phytoremediation Potential of Freshwater Macrophytes for Treating Dye-Containing Wastewater," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    9. Fan Wei & Munazzam Jawad Shahid & Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi & Muhammad Afzal & Aziz Khan & Mohamed A. El-Esawi & Zohaib Abbas & Kunhua Wei & Ihsan Elahi Zaheer & Muhammad Rizwan & Shafaqat Ali, 2020. "Implementation of Floating Treatment Wetlands for Textile Wastewater Management: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-35, July.
    10. Nagy, Gábor, 2024. "The application and treatment of freshwater macrophytes as potential biogas base materials: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    11. Carolina Faccio Demarco & Maurízio Silveira Quadro & Filipe Selau Carlos & Simone Pieniz & Luiza Beatriz Gamboa Araújo Morselli & Robson Andreazza, 2023. "Bioremediation of Aquatic Environments Contaminated with Heavy Metals: A Review of Mechanisms, Solutions and Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-15, January.
    12. Preeti Parihar & Naveen Chand & Surindra Suthar, 2022. "Treatment of High Nutrient-Loaded Wastewater in a Constructed Floating Wetland with Different Configurations: Role of Lantana Biochar Addition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-12, December.
    13. Linhe Sun & Wei Wang & Fengjun Liu & Jixiang Liu & Fengfeng Du & Xiaojing Liu & Yajun Chang & Dongrui Yao, 2022. "Differences in Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal under Different Temperatures in Oenanthe javanica Cultivars," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-15, October.
    14. Sarah Dean & Muhammad Shahbaz Akhtar & Allah Ditta & Mohammad Valipour & Sohaib Aslam, 2022. "Microcosm Study on the Potential of Aquatic Macrophytes for Phytoremediation of Phosphorus-Induced Eutrophication," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-16, December.

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