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Potential of Ripe Plantain Fruit Peels as an Ecofriendly Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis: Optimization by Artificial Neural Network Integrated with Genetic Algorithm

Author

Listed:
  • Anietie O. Etim

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Osun State, Nigeria)

  • Eriola Betiku

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Osun State, Nigeria)

  • Sheriff O. Ajala

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Osun State, Nigeria
    Sustainable Energy Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA)

  • Peter J. Olaniyi

    (Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Osun State, Nigeria)

  • Tunde V. Ojumu

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Osun State, Nigeria
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town Campus, Keizersgracht and Tennant Street Zonnebloem, Cape Town 8000, South Africa)

Abstract

The present work was aimed at assessing the possible use of ripe plantain fruit peel as a green-base catalyst in synthesizing Azadirachta indica oil methyl esters (AIOME). The free fatty acid content of the oil (5.81 wt %) was initially reduced to 0.90 wt % using methanol: oil at 2.19 v / v , Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 at 6 wt %, time of 15 min and temperature of 65 °C. The pretreated oil was converted to AIOME in a transesterification process with calcined ripe plantain peel ash (CRPPA) at 700 °C as catalyst. The process was modeled by artificial neural network and optimized using genetic algorithm. The effectiveness of the developed CRPPA is ascribable to its high K content and microstructural transformation. The reliability of the model obtained was confirmed with a high coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) of 0.996 and a low mean relative percentage deviation (MRPD) of 8.10%. The best operating variables combination for the process was methanol:oil of 0.73 v / v , CRPPA of 0.65 wt % and time of 57 min while the temperature was kept constant at 65 °C with a corresponding AIOME yield of 99.2 wt %. The results of this work demonstrated the potentials of ripe plantain peels and neem oil as cheap feedstocks for biodiesel production.

Suggested Citation

  • Anietie O. Etim & Eriola Betiku & Sheriff O. Ajala & Peter J. Olaniyi & Tunde V. Ojumu, 2018. "Potential of Ripe Plantain Fruit Peels as an Ecofriendly Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis: Optimization by Artificial Neural Network Integrated with Genetic Algorithm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:707-:d:134823
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Eldiehy, Khalifa S.H. & Gohain, Minakshi & Daimary, Niran & Borah, Doljit & Mandal, Manabendra & Deka, Dhanapati, 2022. "Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) leaves: A novel source for a highly efficient heterogeneous base catalyst for biodiesel production using waste soybean cooking oil and Scenedesmus obliquus oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 888-901.
    5. Adepoju, T.F. & Ibeh, M.A. & Udoetuk, E.N. & Babatunde, E.O., 2021. "Quaternary blend of Carica papaya - Citrus sinesis - Hibiscus sabdariffa - Waste used oil for biodiesel synthesis using CaO-based catalyst derived from binary mix of Lattorina littorea and Mactra cora," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 22-33.
    6. Nath, Biswajit & Kalita, Pranjal & Das, Bipul & Basumatary, Sanjay, 2020. "Highly efficient renewable heterogeneous base catalyst derived from waste Sesamum indicum plant for synthesis of biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 295-310.
    7. Babatunde Oladipo & Tunde V Ojumu & Lekan M Latinwo & Eriola Betiku, 2020. "Pawpaw ( Carica papaya ) Peel Waste as a Novel Green Heterogeneous Catalyst for Moringa Oil Methyl Esters Synthesis: Process Optimization and Kinetic Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-25, November.
    8. Christopher Tunji Oloyede & Simeon Olatayo Jekayinfa & Abass Olanrewaju Alade & Oyetola Ogunkunle & Opeyeolu Timothy Laseinde & Ademola Oyejide Adebayo & Adeola Ibrahim Abdulkareem & Ghassan Fadhil Sm, 2023. "Synthesis of Biobased Composite Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Using Simplex Lattice Design Mixture: Optimization Process by Taguchi Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-26, February.

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