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Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training Combined with Fasting in the Treatment of Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Zhicheng Guo

    (School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China)

  • Jianguang Cai

    (School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China)

  • Ziqiang Wu

    (School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China)

  • Weiqi Gong

    (School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China)

Abstract

Objectives: A systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with fasting (HIIT + fasting) and other interventions (HIIT alone, fasting alone, or normal intervention) in adults with overweight and obesity on body composition (body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), percent fat mass (PFM), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM)), maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ), and glucose metabolism (fasting plasma glucose (FPG)), fasting plasma insulin (FPI)). Methods: The databases of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embace, Web of Science, CNKI, Wangfang Data, and CBM were searched from their inception to February 2022. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of HIIT + fasting and other interventions on adults with overweight and obesity were included in this meta-analysis. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The effect size was completed by using mean difference (MD) and standard deviation. If there were varying units or large differences among the included studies, the standardized mean difference (SMD) would be used. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Nine randomized controlled trials with 230 overweight and obese adults were conducted in accordance with our inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that compared to the control group HIIT + fasting had better effects on the body mass, WC, FM, and VO 2peak , while there were no significant differences in PFM, FFM, FPG, and FPI. Conclusions: Despite the number of included trials being small and the GRADE of all outcomes being very low, HIIT + fasting has a positive effect on the body composition of overweight and obese adults, and significantly improves VO 2peak . For adults with overweight and obesity who have long-term comorbidity, HIIT + fasting was a better way to improve FPG than HIIT alone or fasting alone. More studies are required to investigate different combinations of HIIT + fasting; and the safety of HIIT + fasting intervention on overweight and obese adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhicheng Guo & Jianguang Cai & Ziqiang Wu & Weiqi Gong, 2022. "Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training Combined with Fasting in the Treatment of Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:8:p:4638-:d:792055
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rhona Martin-Smith & Ashley Cox & Duncan S. Buchan & Julien S. Baker & Fergal Grace & Nicholas Sculthorpe, 2020. "High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Improves Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF) in Healthy, Overweight and Obese Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-20, April.
    2. Jing Hu & Zhen Wang & Bingkai Lei & Junping Li & Ruiyuan Wang, 2021. "Effects of a Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet Combined with High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition and Maximal Oxygen Uptake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-15, October.
    3. Hassane Zouhal & Reza Bagheri & Raoua Triki & Ayoub Saeidi & Alexei Wong & Anthony C. Hackney & Ismail Laher & Katsuhiko Suzuki & Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman, 2020. "Effects of Ramadan Intermittent Fasting on Gut Hormones and Body Composition in Males with Obesity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-15, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhicheng Guo & Meng Li & Jianguang Cai & Weiqi Gong & Yin Liu & Ze Liu, 2023. "Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Fat Loss and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Young and Middle-Aged a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Matthew B. Cooke & William Deasy & Elya J. Ritenis & Robin A. Wilson & Christos G. Stathis, 2022. "Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction Alone and in Combination with Sprint Interval Training on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Individuals with Overweight and Obesity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-17, June.

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