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HIIT vs. SIT: What Is the Better to Improve V ˙ O 2 max? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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  • Silas Gabriel de Oliveira-Nunes

    (Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Érico Verissimo, 701-Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz” Barão Geraldo, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil)

  • Alex Castro

    (Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Érico Verissimo, 701-Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz” Barão Geraldo, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil
    Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luiz, s/n, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil)

  • Amanda Veiga Sardeli

    (Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Érico Verissimo, 701-Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz” Barão Geraldo, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil)

  • Claudia Regina Cavaglieri

    (Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Érico Verissimo, 701-Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz” Barão Geraldo, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil)

  • Mara Patricia Traina Chacon-Mikahil

    (Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Érico Verissimo, 701-Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz” Barão Geraldo, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil)

Abstract

Lack of time is seen as a barrier to maintaining a physically active lifestyle. In this sense, interval training has been suggested as a time-efficient strategy for improving health, mainly due to its potential to increase cardiorespiratory fitness. Currently, the most discussed interval training protocols in the literature are the high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and the sprint interval training (SIT). Objective: We investigated, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, which interval training protocol, HIIT or SIT, promotes greater gain in cardiorespiratory fitness ( V ˙ O 2 max/peak). The studies were selected from the PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus and Web of Science databases. From these searches, a screening was carried out, selecting studies that compared the effects of HIIT and SIT protocols on V ˙ O 2 max/peak. A total of 19 studies were included in the final analysis. Due to the homogeneity between studies (I 2 = 0%), fixed-effects analyses were performed. There was no significant difference in the V ˙ O 2 max/peak gains between HIIT and SIT for the standardized mean difference (SMD = 0.150; 95% CI = −0.038 to 0.338; p = 0.119), including studies that presented both measurements in mL·kg −1 ·min −1 and l·min −1 ; and raw mean differences (RMD = 0.921 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 ; 95% CI = −0.185 to 2.028; p = 0.103) were calculated only with data presented in mL·kg −1 ·min −1 . We conclude that the literature generates very consistent data to confirm that HIIT and SIT protocols promote similar gains in cardiorespiratory fitness. Thus, for this purpose, the choice of the protocol can be made for convenience.

Suggested Citation

  • Silas Gabriel de Oliveira-Nunes & Alex Castro & Amanda Veiga Sardeli & Claudia Regina Cavaglieri & Mara Patricia Traina Chacon-Mikahil, 2021. "HIIT vs. SIT: What Is the Better to Improve V ˙ O 2 max? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:13120-:d:700824
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rhona Martin-Smith & Ashley Cox & Duncan S. Buchan & Julien S. Baker & Fergal Grace & Nicholas Sculthorpe, 2020. "High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Improves Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF) in Healthy, Overweight and Obese Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-20, April.
    2. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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