IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i3p1052-d727540.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigating the Relationships between COVID-19 Quality of Life, Loneliness, Happiness, and Internet Addiction among K-12 Teachers and School Administrators—A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Turgut Karakose

    (Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education, Kutahya Dumlupinar University, Kutahya 43100, Turkey)

  • Tuncay Yavuz Ozdemir

    (Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey)

  • Stamatios Papadakis

    (Department of Education, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece)

  • Ramazan Yirci

    (Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education, Sutcuimam University, Kahramanmaras 46050, Turkey)

  • Secil Eda Ozkayran

    (Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education, Bartin University, Bartin 74100, Turkey)

  • Hakan Polat

    (Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey)

Abstract

It is well acknowledged that the roles of both school administrators and teachers have changed due to the global education crisis caused by COVID-19. During this challenging and critical period, it is essential to investigate how those working in the education sector who undertake strategic tasks for sustainable education are affected by the new conditions brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigates the interrelationships between COVID-19 quality of life, loneliness, happiness, and Internet addiction. The research was designed according to the relational survey model, was conducted with 432 school administrators and teachers working in K-12 schools. The research data was collected through online questionnaires, and structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test and analyze proposed hypotheses. The study’s results revealed a positive relationship between the COVID-19 related quality of life and loneliness, and that loneliness significantly positively predicts Internet addiction. In this context, due to the impact of COVID-19 on the life quality, the participants’ loneliness levels significantly increased, and this increase in loneliness caused them to become addicted to using the Internet. Interestingly, it was also determined that a positive relationship exists between loneliness and happiness and that as the loneliness of individuals increased, their level of happiness also increased. In many studies conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, a negative relationship was revealed between loneliness and happiness. In the current study conducted during the pandemic, the relationship between the two variables was positive. SEM results revealed that COVID-19 directly affects the quality of life, Internet addiction, loneliness, and happiness of school administrators and teachers. Furthermore, it was determined that Internet addiction indirectly affects the relationship between loneliness and happiness.

Suggested Citation

  • Turgut Karakose & Tuncay Yavuz Ozdemir & Stamatios Papadakis & Ramazan Yirci & Secil Eda Ozkayran & Hakan Polat, 2022. "Investigating the Relationships between COVID-19 Quality of Life, Loneliness, Happiness, and Internet Addiction among K-12 Teachers and School Administrators—A Structural Equation Modeling Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1052-:d:727540
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/3/1052/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/3/1052/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Talita Greyling & Stephanie Rossouw & Tamanna Adhikari, 2021. "A Tale of Three Countries: What is the Relationship Between COVID‐19, Lockdown and Happiness?," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 89(1), pages 25-43, March.
    2. Fahad D. Algahtani & Sehar-un-Nisa Hassan & Bandar Alsaif & Rafat Zrieq, 2021. "Assessment of the Quality of Life during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-12, January.
    3. Turgut Karakose & Ramazan Yirci & Stamatios Papadakis, 2021. "Exploring the Interrelationship between COVID-19 Phobia, Work–Family Conflict, Family–Work Conflict, and Life Satisfaction among School Administrators for Advancing Sustainable Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Giulia Ballarotto & Eleonora Marzilli & Luca Cerniglia & Silvia Cimino & Renata Tambelli, 2021. "How Does Psychological Distress Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Internet Addiction and Instagram Addiction in Emerging Adults?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-19, October.
    5. Yingfei Zhang & Zheng Feei Ma, 2020. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Quality of Life among Local Residents in Liaoning Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-12, March.
    6. Sijia Li & Yilin Wang & Jia Xue & Nan Zhao & Tingshao Zhu, 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic Declaration on Psychological Consequences: A Study on Active Weibo Users," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-9, March.
    7. Turgut Karakose & Ramazan Yirci & Stamatios Papadakis & Tuncay Yavuz Ozdemir & Murat Demirkol & Hakan Polat, 2021. "Science Mapping of the Global Knowledge Base on Management, Leadership, and Administration Related to COVID-19 for Promoting the Sustainability of Scientific Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-22, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ji-Hee Haam & Yang-Im Hur & Young-Sang Kim & Kyoung-Kon Kim & Jee-Hyun Kang & Hae-Jin Ko & Yoon Jeong Cho & Hye-In Choi & Kyu Rae Lee & Jung Ha Park & Soo Hyun Cho & Jong-Koo Kim & Taesic Lee & Myung-, 2022. "Fatty Liver Change in Korean Adults in a Systematic Social Distancing System Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-11, August.
    2. Naureen Durrani & Vanessa Ozawa, 2024. "Education in Emergencies: Mapping the Global Education Research Landscape in the Context of the COVID-19 Crisis," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(1), pages 21582440241, February.
    3. Turgut Karakose & Ibrahim Kocabas & Ramazan Yirci & Stamatios Papadakis & Tuncay Yavuz Ozdemir & Murat Demirkol, 2022. "The Development and Evolution of Digital Leadership: A Bibliometric Mapping Approach-Based Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-26, December.
    4. Hedviga Tkacová & Roman Králik & Miroslav Tvrdoň & Zita Jenisová & José García Martin, 2022. "Credibility and Involvement of Social Media in Education—Recommendations for Mitigating the Negative Effects of the Pandemic among High School Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-22, February.
    5. Hibah Aladsani & Ahlam Al-Abdullatif & Manal Almuhanna & Azza Gameil, 2022. "Ethnographic Reflections of K–12 Distance Education in Saudi Arabia: Shaping the Future of Post-Pandemic Digital Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-17, August.
    6. Xiuhong Xu & Yuxin Jiang & Lei Chen & Yuanyuan Chen, 2024. "The Variables Associated with Burnout Among Korean Early Childhood Teachers: A Meta-Analysis," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(3), pages 21582440241, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Edmond Pui Hang Choi & Bryant Pui Hung Hui & Eric Yuk Fai Wan & Jojo Yan Yan Kwok & Tiffany Hei Lam Tam & Chanchan Wu, 2021. "COVID-19 and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Community-Based Online Survey in Hong Kong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Christian M. Hafner, 2020. "The Spread of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Time and Space," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, May.
    3. María del Carmen Olmos-Gómez, 2020. "Sex and Careers of University Students in Educational Practices as Factors of Individual Differences in Learning Environment and Psychological Factors during COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Charu Gupta & Dev Gaur & Prateek Agrawal & Deepali Virmani, 2021. "HuDA_COVID Human Disposition Analysis During COVID-19 Using Machine Learning," International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications (IJEHMC), IGI Global, vol. 13(2), pages 1-15, July.
    5. Ben Y. F. Fong & Martin C. S. Wong & Vincent T. S. Law & Man Fung Lo & Tommy K. C. Ng & Hilary H. L. Yee & Tiffany C. H. Leung & Percy W. T. Ho, 2020. "Relationships between Physical and Social Behavioural Changes and the Mental Status of Homebound Residents in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-18, September.
    6. Yan Hong & Gangwei Cai & Zhoujin Mo & Weijun Gao & Lei Xu & Yuanxing Jiang & Jinming Jiang, 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourist Satisfaction with B&B in Zhejiang, China: An Importance–Performance Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-19, May.
    7. Turgut Karakose & Hakan Polat & Stamatios Papadakis, 2021. "Examining Teachers’ Perspectives on School Principals’ Digital Leadership Roles and Technology Capabilities during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-20, December.
    8. Rui Zhang & Yunzhi Zhang & Zhe Dai, 2022. "Impact of Natural Disasters on Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on the 2014 China Family Panel Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-17, February.
    9. Yang Yang & Keqiao Liu & Siqi Li & Man Shu, 2020. "Social Media Activities, Emotion Regulation Strategies, and Their Interactions on People’s Mental Health in COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-16, December.
    10. Xueyan Li & Ping Fu & Changyu Fan & Miao Zhu & Min Li, 2021. "COVID-19 Stress and Mental Health of Students in Locked-Down Colleges," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-12, January.
    11. Zulfikar Adamu & Oliver Hardy & Asya Natapov, 2023. "The Impact of Greenspace, Walking, and Cycling on the Health of Urban Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of London," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(14), pages 1-21, July.
    12. Zhenhua Zheng & Wanting Liu & Liu Yang & Ning Sun & Yingchen Lu & Hong Chen, 2022. "Group Differences: The Relationship between Social Media Use and Depression during the Outbreak of COVID-19 in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-15, October.
    13. Yuan Zheng & Jingyi Zhou & Xianglong Zeng & Mingyan Jiang & Tian P. S. Oei, 2022. "A New Second-Generation Mindfulness-Based Intervention Focusing on Well-Being: A Randomized Control Trial of Mindfulness-Based Positive Psychology," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 2703-2724, August.
    14. Clemens Koestner & Viktoria Eggert & Theresa Dicks & Kristin Kalo & Carolina Zähme & Pavel Dietz & Stephan Letzel & Till Beutel, 2022. "Psychological Burdens among Teachers in Germany during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic—Subgroup Analysis from a Nationwide Cross-Sectional Online Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-16, August.
    15. Maraseni, Tek & Poudyal, Bishnu Hari & Aryal, Kishor & Laudari, Hari Krishna, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 in the forestry sector: A case of lowland region of Nepal," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    16. Ilse Adriana Gutiérrez-Pérez & Pedro Delgado-Floody & Daniel Jerez-Mayorga & Diego Soto-García & Felipe Caamaño-Navarrete & Isela Parra-Rojas & Nacim Molina-Gutiérrez & Iris Paola Guzmán-Guzmán, 2021. "Lifestyle and Sociodemographic Parameters Associated with Mental and Physical Health during COVID-19 Confinement in Three Ibero-American Countries. A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-13, May.
    17. Hidayah Karuniawati & Nila Sari & Md. Sanower Hossain & Wan Ismahanisa Ismail & Aniq Hudiyah Bil Haq & Tri Yulianti & Taufik Taufik & Gardhika Rizky Sudarsono, 2022. "Assessment of Mental Health and Quality of Life Status of Undergraduate Students in Indonesia during COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-14, September.
    18. Xiuqiang Wang & Si Man Lei & Shenglong Le & Yanxiang Yang & Boyi Zhang & Wu Yao & Zan Gao & Sulin Cheng, 2020. "Bidirectional Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdowns on Health Behaviors and Quality of Life among Chinese Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-17, August.
    19. Mohammed Alblihed & Haitham Ali Alzghaibi, 2022. "The Impact of Job Stress, Role Ambiguity and Work–Life Imbalance on Turnover Intention during COVID-19: A Case Study of Frontline Health Workers in Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-15, October.
    20. Mateusz Ciski & Krzysztof Rząsa, 2023. "Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression in the Investigation of Local COVID-19 Anomalies Based on Population Age Structure in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-23, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1052-:d:727540. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.