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How Biochar Derived from Pond Cypress ( Taxodium Ascendens ) Evolved with Pyrolysis Temperature and Time and Their End Efficacy Evaluation

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  • Shuai Zhang

    (College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Haibo Hu

    (College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Xiangdong Jia

    (College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Xia Wang

    (College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Jianyu Chen

    (College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Can Cheng

    (College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Xichuan Jia

    (College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Zhaoming Wu

    (Wuxi Branch, Bureau of Investigation on Hydrologic Water Resources, Wuxi 214100, China)

  • Li Zhu

    (Wuxi Branch, Bureau of Investigation on Hydrologic Water Resources, Wuxi 214100, China)

Abstract

Biomass type, pyrolysis temperature, and duration can affect biochar properties simultaneously. To further clarify the mechanism of this interaction, the branch and leaf parts of Pond cypress ( Taxodium ascendens ) were separately pyrolyzed at four peak temperatures (350 °C, 450 °C, 650 °C, and 750 °C) for three different durations (0.5 h, 1 h, and 2 h) in this study. The resulting biochar properties were measured, which included the yield, specific surface area (SSA), pH, EC (electricity conductivity), the bulk and surface elemental composition, and the contents of moisture, ash, fixed carbon, and volatile matter. The results showed that the pyrolysis temperature was more determinant for the modification of all biochar, but the residence time had a significant effect on the yield, pH, and SSA of branch-based biochar (B-biochar) at specific temperatures. However, such a phenomenon only happened on the pH of leaf-based biochar (L-biochar). Results: (1) With the temperature at 350 and 650 °C, the residence time had a significant effect on the yield of B-biochar. (2) The pH of B-biochar and L-biochar varied considerably between durations when the heating temperature hit 650 and 750 °C. (3) The SSA of B-biochar possessed an obvious fluctuation with the time during the pyrolysis from 650 to 750 °C. According to the properties measured above, the principal component and the cluster analysis classified the 24 types of biochar made in this experiment into four groups and revealed that an obvious disparity existed between B-biochar and L-biochar that were pyrolyzed at temperatures ranging from 450 to 750 °C, which suggested that biomass type was the primary factor for biochar-making. All this information can provide valuable references for the optimization of biochar-making in the real world.

Suggested Citation

  • Shuai Zhang & Haibo Hu & Xiangdong Jia & Xia Wang & Jianyu Chen & Can Cheng & Xichuan Jia & Zhaoming Wu & Li Zhu, 2022. "How Biochar Derived from Pond Cypress ( Taxodium Ascendens ) Evolved with Pyrolysis Temperature and Time and Their End Efficacy Evaluation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11205-:d:908335
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Meina Liang & Lin Lu & Huijun He & Jingxi Li & Zongqiang Zhu & Yinian Zhu, 2021. "Applications of Biochar and Modified Biochar in Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil: A Descriptive Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Al-Rumaihi, Aisha & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Mckay, Gordon & Mackey, Hamish & Al-Ansari, Tareq, 2022. "A review of pyrolysis technologies and feedstock: A blending approach for plastic and biomass towards optimum biochar yield," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
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