IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i7p3817-d530806.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Secondary School Nutrition Policy Compliance in Ontario and Alberta, Canada: A Follow-Up Study Examining Vending Machine Data from the COMPASS Study

Author

Listed:
  • Michelle M. Vine

    (School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Julianne Vermeer

    (School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Leonardo Romano

    (School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Daniel W. Harrington

    (School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Alexandra E. Butler

    (School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Karen A. Patte

    (Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada)

  • Katelyn M. Godin

    (Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9 ON, Canada)

  • Scott T. Leatherdale

    (School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

Abstract

(1) Objective: To longitudinally assess food and beverages sold in vending machines in secondary schools (grades 9–12) participating in the COMPASS study (2015/2016 and 2018/2019) and (2) to examine if patterns and trends observed in previous years (2012/2013 to 2014/2015) are consistent with lack of policy compliance in Ontario and Alberta, Canada. (2) Methods: Policy compliance was assessed through comparing nutritional information on drink (e.g., sports drinks) and snack (e.g., chocolate bars) products in vending machines to Policy and Program Memorandum (P/PM) 150 in Ontario (required policy) and the Alberta Nutrition Guidelines for Children and Youth (recommended policy). Longitudinal results and descriptive statistics were calculated. (3) Results: Longitudinal results indicate that between Y 4 (2015/2016) and Y 7 (2018/2019), snack and drink vending machines remained mostly non-compliant in Ontario and Alberta, with a small proportion of Ontario drink machines changing from non-compliant to compliant. At the school level, descriptive results indicate the proportion of Ontario schools with policy-compliant snack and drink machines decreased between Y 4 and Y 7 . Alberta schools were non-compliant for drink and snack machines. (4) Conclusions: Secondary schools continue to be non-compliant with provincial policies. School nutrition policies need to be simplified in order to make it easier for schools to be compliant. Enforcement of compliancy is also an area that deserves consideration.

Suggested Citation

  • Michelle M. Vine & Julianne Vermeer & Leonardo Romano & Daniel W. Harrington & Alexandra E. Butler & Karen A. Patte & Katelyn M. Godin & Scott T. Leatherdale, 2021. "Secondary School Nutrition Policy Compliance in Ontario and Alberta, Canada: A Follow-Up Study Examining Vending Machine Data from the COMPASS Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:7:p:3817-:d:530806
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/7/3817/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/7/3817/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Patricia M. Anderson & Kristin F. Butcher, 2004. "Reading, writing, and raisinets: are school finances contributing to children’s obesity?," Working Paper Series WP-04-16, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    2. Kubik, M.Y. & Lytle, L.A. & Hannan, P.J. & Perry, C.L. & Story, M., 2003. "The Association of the School Food Environment with Dietary Behaviors of Young Adolescents," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(7), pages 1168-1173.
    3. Veugelers, P.J. & Fitzgerald, A.L., 2005. "Effectiveness of school programs in preventing childhood obesity: A multilevel comparison," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(3), pages 432-435.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Anthony Winson, 2008. "School food environments and the obesity issue: content, structural determinants, and agency in Canadian high schools," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 25(4), pages 499-511, December.
    2. Ariun Ishdorj & Mary Kay Crepinsek & Helen H. Jensen, 2013. "Children's Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables: Do School Environment and Policies Affect Choices at School and Away from School?," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 35(2), pages 341-359.
    3. Deda Ogum-Alangea & Richmond N O Aryeetey & Heewon L Gray & Amos K Laar & Richard M K Adanu, 2020. "Basic school pupils’ food purchases during mid-morning break in urban Ghanaian schools," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(9), pages 1-13, September.
    4. Ching-Jung Yu & Jung-Chieh Du & Hsien-Chih Chiou & Chun-Cheng Feng & Ming-Yi Chung & Winnie Yang & Ying-Sheue Chen & Ling-Chu Chien & Betau Hwang & Mei-Lien Chen, 2016. "Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Is Adversely Associated with Childhood Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-18, July.
    5. Choi, Seul Ki & Frongillo, Edward A. & Blake, Christine E. & Thrasher, James F., 2019. "Why are restricted food items still sold after the implementation of the school store policy? the case of South Korea," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 161-169.
    6. Christian E. Vazquez & Megan J. McBride & Katherine E. Hess & Catherine Cubbin & Sarah Kate Bearman & Esther J. Calzada, 2022. "Examining School and Neighborhood Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Childhood Obesity in the U.S," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-12, May.
    7. Kapinos, Kandice A. & Yakusheva, Olga & Eisenberg, Daniel, 2014. "Obesogenic environmental influences on young adults: Evidence from college dormitory assignments," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 12(C), pages 98-109.
    8. Alois Stutzer & Armando N. Meier, 2016. "Limited Self‐control, Obesity, and the Loss of Happiness," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 25(11), pages 1409-1424, November.
    9. Nina Van der Vliet & Brigit Staatsen & Hanneke Kruize & George Morris & Caroline Costongs & Ruth Bell & Sibila Marques & Timothy Taylor & Sonia Quiroga & Pablo Martinez Juarez & Vojtech Máca & Milan Š, 2018. "The INHERIT Model: A Tool to Jointly Improve Health, Environmental Sustainability and Health Equity through Behavior and Lifestyle Change," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-21, July.
    10. Wendy Wills & Giada Danesi & Ariadne Beatrice Kapetanaki & Laura Hamilton, 2019. "Socio-Economic Factors, the Food Environment and Lunchtime Food Purchasing by Young People at Secondary School," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-13, May.
    11. Catalina Londoño-Cañola & Gemma Serral & Julia Díez & Alba Martínez-García & Manuel Franco & Lucía Artazcoz & Carlos Ariza, 2022. "Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-12, December.
    12. Evans, Clare R. & Onnela, Jukka-Pekka & Williams, David R. & Subramanian, S.V., 2016. "Multiple contexts and adolescent body mass index: Schools, neighborhoods, and social networks," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 21-31.
    13. Luana Romão Nogueira & Mariane De Mello Fontanelli & Breno Souza de Aguiar & Marcelo Antunes Failla & Alex Antonio Florindo & Ligia Vizeu Barrozo & Moisés Goldbaum & Chester Luiz Galvão Cesar & Maria , 2018. "Access to Street Markets and Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables by Adolescents Living in São Paulo, Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-12, March.
    14. Patricia M. Anderson & Kristin F. Butcher, 2004. "Reading, writing, and raisinets: are school finances contributing to children’s obesity?," Working Paper Series WP-04-16, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    15. repec:mpr:mprres:6342 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. José Massougbodji & Alexandre Lebel & Philippe De Wals, 2018. "Individual and School Correlates of Adolescent Leisure Time Physical Activity in Quebec, Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-12, February.
    17. Chris Herbst & Erdal Tekin, 2011. "Child care subsidies and childhood obesity," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 9(3), pages 349-378, September.
    18. Janet Currie & Stefano DellaVigna & Enrico Moretti & Vikram Pathania, 2010. "The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 2(3), pages 32-63, August.
    19. John Paul Ekwaru & Arto Ohinmaa & Bach Xuan Tran & Solmaz Setayeshgar & Jeffrey A Johnson & Paul J Veugelers, 2017. "Cost-effectiveness of a school-based health promotion program in Canada: A life-course modeling approach," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(5), pages 1-13, May.
    20. Borovoy, Amy & Roberto, Christina A., 2015. "Japanese and American public health approaches to preventing population weight gain: A role for paternalism?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 62-70.
    21. Ishdorj, Ariun & Crepinsek, Mary Kay & Jensen, Helen H., 2012. "Children’s Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables: Do School Environment and Policies Affect Choice in School Meals?," 2012 AAEA/EAAE Food Environment Symposium 123534, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:7:p:3817-:d:530806. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.