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Is the Course of COVID-19 Different during Pregnancy? A Retrospective Comparative Study

Author

Listed:
  • Marcin Januszewski

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Laura Ziuzia-Januszewska

    (Department of Otolaryngology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Alicja A. Jakimiuk

    (Department of Plastic Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Waldemar Wierzba

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
    Satellite Campus in Warsaw, University of Humanities and Economics, 01-513 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Anna Gluszko

    (Department of Neonatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Joanna Zytynska-Daniluk

    (Department of Neonatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Artur J. Jakimiuk

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
    Center for Reproductive Health, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged health systems around the world. Maternal-foetal medicine, which has been particularly affected, must consider scientific data on the physiological processes occurring in the pregnant woman’s body to develop relevant standards of care. Our study retrospectively compared the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 52 COVID-19 pregnant patients with 53 controls. Most of the pregnant patients required medical attention during the third trimester and therefore we propose that vaccination is needed prior to the 30th week of pregnancy. We found no differences between the 2 groups in the course of illness classification system, days of hospital stay, need for oxygen supplementation, need for mechanical ventilation, and ICU admission. Moreover, clinical manifestations and imaging findings were comparable. Pregnant patients needed a greater oxygen flow rate and required high flow oxygen therapy more frequently. Considering pregnancy-related physiological adaptations, we found that COVID-19 infection in pregnant patients is associated with higher levels of inflammatory markers, apart from serum ferritin, than in non-pregnant women, and concluded that biomarkers of cardiac and muscle injury, as well as kidney function, may not be good predictors of COVID-19 clinical course in pregnant patients at the time of admission, but more research needs to be conducted on this topic.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcin Januszewski & Laura Ziuzia-Januszewska & Alicja A. Jakimiuk & Waldemar Wierzba & Anna Gluszko & Joanna Zytynska-Daniluk & Artur J. Jakimiuk, 2021. "Is the Course of COVID-19 Different during Pregnancy? A Retrospective Comparative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:22:p:12011-:d:680156
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    1. Wenhui Li & Michael J. Moore & Natalya Vasilieva & Jianhua Sui & Swee Kee Wong & Michael A. Berne & Mohan Somasundaran & John L. Sullivan & Katherine Luzuriaga & Thomas C. Greenough & Hyeryun Choe & M, 2003. "Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus," Nature, Nature, vol. 426(6965), pages 450-454, November.
    2. Michael C Grant & Luke Geoghegan & Marc Arbyn & Zakaria Mohammed & Luke McGuinness & Emily L Clarke & Ryckie G Wade, 2020. "The prevalence of symptoms in 24,410 adults infected by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 148 studies from 9 countries," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(6), pages 1-19, June.
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    1. Olzhas Zhamantayev & Gaukhar Kayupova & Karina Nukeshtayeva & Nurbek Yerdessov & Zhanerke Bolatova & Anar Turmukhambetova, 2023. "COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on the Maternal Mortality in Kazakhstan and Comparison with the Countries in Central Asia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Valentin Nicolae Varlas & Roxana Georgiana Borș & Mihaela Plotogea & Madalina Iordache & Claudia Mehedințu & Monica Mihaela Cîrstoiu, 2023. "Thromboprophylaxis in Pregnant Women with COVID-19: An Unsolved Issue," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-19, January.

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