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Physical Exercise as a Multimodal Tool for COVID-19: Could It Be Used as a Preventive Strategy?

Author

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  • Diego Fernández-Lázaro

    (Department of Cellular Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus of Soria, University of Valladolid, 42003 Soria, Spain
    Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain)

  • Jerónimo J. González-Bernal

    (Cavidito Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain)

  • Nerea Sánchez-Serrano

    (Microbiology Unit of the Santa Bárbara Hospital, Castilla-Léon Health (SACyL), 42003 Soria, Spain)

  • Lourdes Jiménez Navascués

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus of Soria, University of Valladolid, 42003 Soria, Spain)

  • Ana Ascaso-del-Río

    (Clinical Pharmacology Service, IdISSC, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Juan Mielgo-Ayuso

    (Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus of Soria, University of Valladolid, 42003 Soria, Spain)

Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel coronavirus not previously recognized in humans until late 2019. On 31 December 2019, a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unspecified etiology was reported to the World Health Organization in China. The availability of adequate SARS-CoV-2 drugs is also limited, and the efficacy and safety of these drugs for COVID-2019 pneumonia patients need to be assessed by further clinical trials. For these reasons, there is a need for other strategies against COVID-19 that are capable of prevention and treatment. Physical exercise has proven to be an effective therapy for most chronic diseases and microbial infections with preventive/therapeutic benefits, considering that exercise involves primary immunological mediators and/or anti-inflammatory properties. This review aimed to provide an insight into how the implementation of a physical exercise program against COVID-19 may be a useful complementary tool for prevention, which can also enhance recovery, improve quality of life, and provide immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in the long term. In summary, physical exercise training exerts immunomodulatory effects, controls the viral gateway, modulates inflammation, stimulates nitric oxide synthesis pathways, and establishes control over oxidative stress.

Suggested Citation

  • Diego Fernández-Lázaro & Jerónimo J. González-Bernal & Nerea Sánchez-Serrano & Lourdes Jiménez Navascués & Ana Ascaso-del-Río & Juan Mielgo-Ayuso, 2020. "Physical Exercise as a Multimodal Tool for COVID-19: Could It Be Used as a Preventive Strategy?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:22:p:8496-:d:446080
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Diego Fernández-Lázaro & Cesar I. Fernandez-Lazaro & Jesús Seco-Calvo & Evelina Garrosa & David P. Adams & Juan Mielgo-Ayuso, 2022. "Effects of Tribulus terrestris L. on Sport and Health Biomarkers in Physically Active Adult Males: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Pasquale Caponnetto & Mirko Casu & Miriam Amato & Dario Cocuzza & Valeria Galofaro & Alessandra La Morella & Sara Paladino & Kamil Pulino & Nicoletta Raia & Flavia Recupero & Cristian Resina & Samuele, 2021. "The Effects of Physical Exercise on Mental Health: From Cognitive Improvements to Risk of Addiction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Diego Fernández-Lázaro & David Gallego-Gallego & Luis A. Corchete & Darío Fernández Zoppino & Jerónimo J. González-Bernal & Blanca García Gómez & Juan Mielgo-Ayuso, 2021. "Inspiratory Muscle Training Program Using the PowerBreath ® : Does It Have Ergogenic Potential for Respiratory and/or Athletic Performance? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-18, June.
    4. Diego Fernández-Lázaro & Juan Mielgo-Ayuso & Gema Santamaría & Eduardo Gutiérrez-Abejón & Carlos Domínguez-Ortega & Sandra María García-Lázaro & Jesús Seco-Calvo, 2022. "Adequacy of an Altitude Fitness Program (Living and Training) plus Intermittent Exposure to Hypoxia for Improving Hematological Biomarkers and Sports Performance of Elite Athletes: A Single-Blind Rand," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-21, July.
    5. Diego Fernández-Lázaro & Jesús Seco-Calvo & Jorge Pascual-Fernández & Carlos Domínguez-Ortega & Miguel Del Valle Soto & Juan Mielgo-Ayuso, 2022. "6-Week Supplementation with Tribulus terrestris L. to Trained Male CrossFit ® Athletes on Muscle, Inflammation, and Antioxidant Biomarkers: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-13, December.

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