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The Impact of a Change in Employment on Three Work-Related Diseases: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study of 10,530 Belgian Employees

Author

Listed:
  • Laura Maniscalco

    (Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Martijn Schouteden

    (IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium)

  • Jan Boon

    (IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium)

  • Domenica Matranga

    (Department of Health Promotion, Maternal-Child Health, Internal and Specialized Medicine of excellence “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
    The authors contributed in equal measure.)

  • Lode Godderis

    (IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
    KU Leuven, Centre for Environment and Health, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
    The authors contributed in equal measure.)

Abstract

Background: The literature that has investigated to what extent a change in employment contributes to good health is contradictory or shows inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an association exists between a change in employment and cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and neuropsychological diseases in a sample of 10,530 Belgian workers in a seven-year follow-up study period. Methods: The following factors were analysed: Demographic variables, a change in employment and the work-related risks. Individuals being on medication for cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and neuropsychological diseases were used as proxies for the three health issues. Logistic regression models for autocorrelated data with repeated measures were used to examine each medication type. Results: A change in employment and psychosocial load can have an important effect on the health of cardiovascular employees. Demographic variables, such as BMI and age, are risk factors for all three medications. Repetitive, manual tasks, handling static, exposure to noise levels of 87 dB, mechanical and/or manual handling with loads, and shift work were found to be positively associated with medications taken for musculoskeletal diseases. Exposure to noise 80 dB(A), managing physical loads and night work were found to be associated with being on medication for neuropsychological diseases. Physical activity and skill levels were considered to be protective factors for being on medication for neuropsychological diseases. Conclusions: Change in employment and psychosocial load were found as two important risk factors for being on medication for cardiovascular (CVD). Dealing with loads, doing shift work and being daily exposed to the noise of 87 dB correlated with being on medication for musculoskeletal (MSD). Dealing with physical loads, doing night work and being exposed to the noise of 80 dB were risk factors for being on medication for neuropsychological (NPD). While doing physical activity and reporting higher skill levels were found to be protective factors for NPD.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura Maniscalco & Martijn Schouteden & Jan Boon & Domenica Matranga & Lode Godderis, 2020. "The Impact of a Change in Employment on Three Work-Related Diseases: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study of 10,530 Belgian Employees," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:20:p:7477-:d:428040
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gonçalves, M. Helena & Cabral, M. Salomé & Azzalini, Adelchi, 2012. "The R Package bild for the Analysis of Binary Longitudinal Data," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 46(i09).
    2. Domenica Matranga & Vincenzo Restivo & Laura Maniscalco & Filippa Bono & Giuseppe Pizzo & Giuseppe Lanza & Valerio Gaglio & Walter Mazzucco & Silvana Miceli, 2020. "Lifestyle Medicine and Psychological Well-Being toward Health Promotion: A Cross-Sectional Study on Palermo (Southern Italy) Undergraduates," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-13, July.
    3. Metcalfe, Chris & Davey Smith, George & Sterne, Jonathan A. C. & Heslop, Pauline & Macleod, John & Hart, Carole, 2003. "Frequent job change and associated health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 56(1), pages 1-15, January.
    4. Laura Maniscalco & Silvana Miceli & Filippa Bono & Domenica Matranga, 2020. "Self-Perceived Health, Objective Health, and Quality of Life among People Aged 50 and Over: Interrelationship among Health Indicators in Italy, Spain, and Greece," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-15, April.
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    1. Domenica Matranga & Filippa Bono & Laura Maniscalco, 2021. "Statistical Advances in Epidemiology and Public Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-5, March.

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