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Lifestyle Medicine and Psychological Well-Being toward Health Promotion: A Cross-Sectional Study on Palermo (Southern Italy) Undergraduates

Author

Listed:
  • Domenica Matranga

    (Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Infant Care, Internal and Specialized Medicine “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Vincenzo Restivo

    (Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Infant Care, Internal and Specialized Medicine “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Laura Maniscalco

    (Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Filippa Bono

    (Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Pizzo

    (Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Lanza

    (Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Infant Care, Internal and Specialized Medicine “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Valerio Gaglio

    (Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Infant Care, Internal and Specialized Medicine “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Walter Mazzucco

    (Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Infant Care, Internal and Specialized Medicine “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Silvana Miceli

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

Abstract

(1) Aim: To assess the attitude toward Lifestyle Medicine and healthy behaviours among students in the healthcare area and to demonstrate its association to psychological well-being; (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study is conducted among 508 undergraduates of the University of Palermo (140 (27.6%) in the healthcare area and 368 (72.4%) in the non-healthcare area), during the academic year 2018–2019. Psychological well-being is measured through two dimensions of eudaimonia and hedonia, using the 10-item Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities-Revised (HEMA-R) scale, with answers coded on a 7-point scale. The association between demographic and modifiable behavioural risk factors for chronic diseases is assessed through crude and adjusted Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals; (3) Results: Orientation to both hedonia and eudaimonia is significantly associated to the Mediterranean diet (ORAdj = 2.28; 95% CI = (1.42–3.70)) and drinking spirits less than once a week (ORAdj = 1.89; 95% CI = (1.10–3.27)) and once a week or more (ORAdj = 6.02; 95% CI = (1.05–34.52)), while these conditions occur together less frequently for current smokers (ORAdj = 0.38; 95% CI = (0.18–0.81)). Students inclined to well-being consider healthcare professionals as models for their patients and all people in general (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = (1.28–3.00)); (4) Conclusions: The positive relation found between a virtuous lifestyle and psychological well-being suggests the construction, development and cultivation of individual skills are a means to succeed in counteracting at risk behaviours for health.

Suggested Citation

  • Domenica Matranga & Vincenzo Restivo & Laura Maniscalco & Filippa Bono & Giuseppe Pizzo & Giuseppe Lanza & Valerio Gaglio & Walter Mazzucco & Silvana Miceli, 2020. "Lifestyle Medicine and Psychological Well-Being toward Health Promotion: A Cross-Sectional Study on Palermo (Southern Italy) Undergraduates," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:15:p:5444-:d:391186
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Veronika Huta & Alan Waterman, 2014. "Eudaimonia and Its Distinction from Hedonia: Developing a Classification and Terminology for Understanding Conceptual and Operational Definitions," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 15(6), pages 1425-1456, December.
    2. Jay Kimiecik, 2011. "Exploring the Promise of Eudaimonic Well-Being Within the Practice of Health Promotion: The “How” is as Important as the “What”," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 12(5), pages 769-792, October.
    3. Veronika Huta & Richard Ryan, 2010. "Pursuing Pleasure or Virtue: The Differential and Overlapping Well-Being Benefits of Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 11(6), pages 735-762, December.
    4. Laura Maniscalco & Silvana Miceli & Filippa Bono & Domenica Matranga, 2020. "Self-Perceived Health, Objective Health, and Quality of Life among People Aged 50 and Over: Interrelationship among Health Indicators in Italy, Spain, and Greece," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-15, April.
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    1. Wenjie Li & Linting Zhang & Ning Jia & Feng Kong, 2021. "Validation of the Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities-Revised Scale in Chinese Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-10, April.
    2. Wenjie Li & Linting Zhang & Chengcheng Li & Ningzhe Zhu & Jingjing Zhao & Feng Kong, 2022. "Pursuing Pleasure or Meaning: A Cross-Lagged Analysis of Happiness Motives and Well-being in Adolescents," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(8), pages 3981-3999, December.
    3. Domenica Matranga & Filippa Bono & Laura Maniscalco, 2021. "Statistical Advances in Epidemiology and Public Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-5, March.
    4. Ah-Ram Kim & Hae Yean Park, 2021. "Theme Trends and Knowledge-Relationship in Lifestyle Research: A Bibliometric Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-13, July.
    5. Laura Maniscalco & Martijn Schouteden & Jan Boon & Domenica Matranga & Lode Godderis, 2020. "The Impact of a Change in Employment on Three Work-Related Diseases: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study of 10,530 Belgian Employees," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-14, October.

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