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Adolescents’ Psychological Consequences and Cyber Victimization: The Moderation of School-Belongingness and Ethnicity

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  • Michelle F. Wright

    (Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA
    Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic)

  • Sebastian Wachs

    (Department of Educational Studies, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany)

Abstract

Cyber victimization research reveals various personal and contextual correlations and negative consequences associated with this experience. Despite increasing attention on cyber victimization, few studies have examined such experiences among ethnic minority adolescents. The purpose of the present study was to examine the moderating effect of ethnicity in the longitudinal associations among cyber victimization, school-belongingness, and psychological consequences (i.e., depression, loneliness, anxiety). These associations were investigated among 416 Latinx and white adolescents (46% female; M age = 13.89, SD = 0.41) from one middle school in the United States. They answered questionnaires on cyber victimization, school belongingness, depression, loneliness, and anxiety in the 7th grade (Time 1). One year later, in the 8th grade (Time 2), they completed questionnaires on depression, loneliness, and anxiety. Low levels of school-belongingness strengthened the positive relationships between cyber victimization and Time 2 depression and anxiety, especially among Latinx adolescents. The positive association between cyber victimization and Time 2 loneliness was strengthened for low levels of school-belongingness for all adolescents. These findings may indicate that cyber victimization threatens adolescents’ school-belongingness, which has implications for their emotional adjustment. Such findings underscore the importance of considering diverse populations when examining cyber victimization.

Suggested Citation

  • Michelle F. Wright & Sebastian Wachs, 2019. "Adolescents’ Psychological Consequences and Cyber Victimization: The Moderation of School-Belongingness and Ethnicity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-11, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:14:p:2493-:d:247992
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wong, Dennis S.W. & Chan, Heng Choon (Oliver) & Cheng, Christopher H.K., 2014. "Cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among adolescents in Hong Kong," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 133-140.
    2. Estefanía Estévez & Jesús F. Estévez & Lucía Segura & Cristian Suárez, 2019. "The Influence of Bullying and Cyberbullying in the Psychological Adjustment of Victims and Aggressors in Adolescence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-16, June.
    3. Lynne Edwards & April Edwards Kontostathis & Christina Fisher, 2016. "Cyberbullying, Race/Ethnicity and Mental Health Outcomes: A Review of the Literature," Media and Communication, Cogitatio Press, vol. 4(3), pages 71-78.
    4. Sebastian Wachs & Ludwig Bilz & Saskia M. Fischer & Michelle F. Wright, 2017. "Do Emotional Components of Alexithymia Mediate the Interplay between Cyberbullying Victimization and Perpetration?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-11, December.
    5. Schneider, S.K. & O'donnell, L. & Stueve, A. & Coulter, R.W.S., 2012. "Cyberbullying, school bullying, and psychological distress: A regional census of high school students," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(1), pages 171-177.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jorge J. Varela & Cristóbal Hernández & Rafael Miranda & Christopher P. Barlett & Matías E. Rodríguez-Rivas, 2022. "Victims of Cyberbullying: Feeling Loneliness and Depression among Youth and Adult Chileans during the Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-15, May.
    2. María C. Martínez-Monteagudo & Beatriz Delgado & Cándido J. Inglés & Raquel Escortell, 2020. "Cyberbullying and Social Anxiety: A Latent Class Analysis among Spanish Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-13, January.

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