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Gender, Marital Status, and Children as Risk Factors for Burnout in Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study

Author

Listed:
  • Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración N. 60, 18016 Granada, Spain)

  • Elena Ortega

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of Almería, Carretera Sacramento S.N., 04120 La Cañada, Almería, Spain)

  • Lucia Ramirez-Baena

    (Brain, Mind and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja S.N., 18011 Granada, Spain)

  • Emilia I. De la Fuente-Solana

    (Brain, Mind and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja S.N., 18011 Granada, Spain)

  • Cristina Vargas

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Avenida de Blasco Ibáñez N. 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Jose Luis Gómez-Urquiza

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración N. 60, 18016 Granada, Spain)

Abstract

The correlation between the burnout syndrome and sociodemographic variables in nursing professionals has been widely studied though research results are contradictory. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of gender, marital status, and children on the dimensions of the burnout syndrome (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment) in nursing professionals, as measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The search was performed in May 2018 in the next databases: CINAHL, CUIDEN, Dialnet, Psicodoc, ProQuest Platform, OVID Platform, and Scopus with the search equation (“Maslach Burnout Inventory” OR “MBI”) AND “nurs*”, without using any search restriction. The sample was n = 78 studies: 57 studies for gender; 32 for marital status; 13 for having children. A statistically significant relation between depersonalization and gender ( r = 0.078), marital status ( r = 0.047), and children ( r = 0.053) was found. A significant relation was also found between emotional exhaustion and children ( r = 0.048). The results showed that being male, being single or divorced, and not having children were related to the highest levels of burnout in nurses. Moreover, these relations could be accentuated by the influence of moderator variables (age, seniority, job satisfaction, etc.), which, in combination with the previously mentioned significant relations, should be evaluated in the design burnout risk profiles for nursing professionals.

Suggested Citation

  • Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente & Elena Ortega & Lucia Ramirez-Baena & Emilia I. De la Fuente-Solana & Cristina Vargas & Jose Luis Gómez-Urquiza, 2018. "Gender, Marital Status, and Children as Risk Factors for Burnout in Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:10:p:2102-:d:171836
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elizabeth Ayala & Andrés M Carnero, 2013. "Determinants of Burnout in Acute and Critical Care Military Nursing Personnel: A Cross-Sectional Study from Peru," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(1), pages 1-7, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Elena Ortega-Campos & Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente & Luis Albendín-García & José L. Gómez-Urquiza & Carolina Monsalve-Reyes & E. Inmaculada de la Fuente-Solana, 2019. "A Multicentre Study of Psychological Variables and the Prevalence of Burnout among Primary Health Care Nurses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-10, September.
    2. María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández & Ángela María Ortega-Galán & Cayetano Fernández-Sola & José Manuel Hernández-Padilla & José Granero-Molina & Juan Diego Ramos-Pichardo, 2020. "Occupational Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life in Nursing Professionals: A Multi-Centre Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-12, February.
    3. Kinfong Leong & Pedro Fong & Chiufai Kuok & Lirong Meng, 2022. "Cross-Sectional Association and Influencing Factors of Job Satisfaction and Burnout Among Nurses in Macao," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, June.
    4. Emilia I. De la Fuente-Solana & Nora Suleiman-Martos & Laura Pradas-Hernández & Jose L. Gomez-Urquiza & Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente & Luis Albendín-García, 2019. "Prevalence, Related Factors, and Levels of Burnout Syndrome Among Nurses Working in Gynecology and Obstetrics Services: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-16, July.
    5. Adriano Friganović & Polona Selič, 2021. "Where to Look for a Remedy? Burnout Syndrome and its Associations with Coping and Job Satisfaction in Critical Care Nurses—A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-12, April.
    6. Nora Suleiman-Martos & Luis Albendín-García & José L. Gómez-Urquiza & Keyla Vargas-Román & Lucia Ramirez-Baena & Elena Ortega-Campos & Emilia I. De La Fuente-Solana, 2020. "Prevalence and Predictors of Burnout in Midwives: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-15, January.
    7. Emilia Moreno-Sánchez & María-de-los-Ángeles Merino-Godoy & Sara Piñero-Claros & Alba Santiago-Sánchez & Ángela Del-Campo-Jiménez & Laura Mariscal-Pérez & Francisco de Paula Rodríguez-Miranda & Emilia, 2022. "Nursing Education during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Assessment of Students’ Satisfaction with e-Learning Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-13, February.
    8. Jose Luis Gómez-Urquiza & Luis Albendín-García & Almudena Velando-Soriano & Elena Ortega-Campos & Lucía Ramírez-Baena & María Jose Membrive-Jiménez & Nora Suleiman-Martos, 2020. "Burnout in Palliative Care Nurses, Prevalence and Risk Factors: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-13, October.
    9. Raimundo Aguayo & Gustavo R. Cañadas & Latifa Assbaa-Kaddouri & Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente & Lucía Ramírez-Baena & Elena Ortega-Campos, 2019. "A Risk Profile of Sociodemographic Factors in the Onset of Academic Burnout Syndrome in a Sample of University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-10, February.
    10. Francisco-Javier Gago-Valiente & María-Isabel Mendoza-Sierra & Emilia Moreno-Sánchez & Félix Arbinaga & Adrián Segura-Camacho, 2021. "Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Mental Health in Nurses from Huelva: A Cross-Cutting Study during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-11, July.
    11. Teodora Safiye & Branimir Vukčević & Medo Gutić & Ardea Milidrag & Draško Dubljanin & Jakša Dubljanin & Branimir Radmanović, 2022. "Resilience, Mentalizing and Burnout Syndrome among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Serbia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-13, May.
    12. Emilia I. De la Fuente-Solana & Gustavo R. Cañadas & Lucia Ramirez-Baena & Jose L. Gómez-Urquiza & Tania Ariza & Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente, 2019. "An Explanatory Model of Potential Changes in Burnout Diagnosis According to Personality Factors in Oncology Nurses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-9, January.
    13. Jesús Molina-Praena & Lucia Ramirez-Baena & José L. Gómez-Urquiza & Gustavo R. Cañadas & Emilia I. De la Fuente & Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente, 2018. "Levels of Burnout and Risk Factors in Medical Area Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-16, December.
    14. Anna Bartosiewicz & Paweł Januszewicz, 2018. "Readiness of Polish Nurses for Prescribing and the Level of Professional Burnout," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, December.
    15. Judith Semeijn & Barry de Waard & Wim Lambrechts & Janjaap Semeijn, 2019. "Burning Rubber or Burning Out? The Influence of Role Stressors on Burnout among Truck Drivers," Logistics, MDPI, vol. 3(1), pages 1-16, February.
    16. Song Liu & Hao Zhou, 2020. "The Role of Sense of Power in Alleviating Emotional Exhaustion in Frontline Managers: A Dual Mediation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-16, March.

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