IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i5p2450-d1087535.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal Hierarchical Control for Smart Grid Inverters Using Stability Margin Evaluating Transient Voltage for Photovoltaic System

Author

Listed:
  • Wilson Pavon

    (Engineering Department, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito EC170146, Ecuador)

  • Esteban Inga

    (Engineering Department, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito EC170146, Ecuador)

  • Silvio Simani

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, 050031 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Matthew Armstrong

    (School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK)

Abstract

This research proposed an optimal control approach for a smart grid electrical system with photovoltaic generation, where the control variables are voltage and frequency, which aims to improve the performance through addressing the need for a balance between the minimization of error and the operational cost. The proposed control scheme incorporates the latest advancements in heuristics and hierarchical control strategies to provide an efficient and effective solution for the smart grid electrical system control. Implementing the optimal control scheme in a smart power grid is expected to bring significant benefits, such as the reduced impact of renewable energy sources, improved stability, reliability and efficiency of the power grid, and enhanced overall performance. The optimal coefficient values are found by minimizing the cost functions, which leads to a more efficient system performance. The voltage output response of the system in a steady state is over-damped, with no overshoot, but with a 5% oscillation around the target voltage level that remains consistent. Despite the complexity of nonlinear elements’ behavior and multiple system interactions, the response time is fast and the settling time is less than 0.4 s. This means that even with an increase in load, the system output still meets the power and voltage requirements of the system, ensuring efficient and effective performance of the smart grid electrical systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Wilson Pavon & Esteban Inga & Silvio Simani & Matthew Armstrong, 2023. "Optimal Hierarchical Control for Smart Grid Inverters Using Stability Margin Evaluating Transient Voltage for Photovoltaic System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:5:p:2450-:d:1087535
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/5/2450/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/5/2450/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hirsch, Adam & Parag, Yael & Guerrero, Josep, 2018. "Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 402-411.
    2. Unamuno, Eneko & Barrena, Jon Andoni, 2015. "Hybrid ac/dc microgrids—Part I: Review and classification of topologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1251-1259.
    3. Marvin Lema & Wilson Pavon & Leony Ortiz & Ama Baduba Asiedu-Asante & Silvio Simani, 2022. "Controller Coordination Strategy for DC Microgrid Using Distributed Predictive Control Improving Voltage Stability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-15, July.
    4. Qingsong Wang & Wujian Zuo & Ming Cheng & Fujin Deng & Giuseppe Buja, 2019. "Hierarchical Control with Fast Primary Control for Multiple Single-Phase Electric Springs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-15, September.
    5. Unamuno, Eneko & Barrena, Jon Andoni, 2015. "Hybrid ac/dc microgrids—Part II: Review and classification of control strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1123-1134.
    6. Wilson Pavon & Esteban Inga & Silvio Simani & Maddalena Nonato, 2021. "A Review on Optimal Control for the Smart Grid Electrical Substation Enhancing Transition Stability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-15, December.
    7. Xiaoyuan Wang & Haiying Lv & Qiang Sun & Yanqing Mi & Peng Gao, 2017. "A Proportional Resonant Control Strategy for Efficiency Improvement in Extended Range Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-16, February.
    8. Luis Gabriel Marín & Mark Sumner & Diego Muñoz-Carpintero & Daniel Köbrich & Seksak Pholboon & Doris Sáez & Alfredo Núñez, 2019. "Hierarchical Energy Management System for Microgrid Operation Based on Robust Model Predictive Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-19, November.
    9. Planas, Estefanía & Andreu, Jon & Gárate, José Ignacio & Martínez de Alegría, Iñigo & Ibarra, Edorta, 2015. "AC and DC technology in microgrids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 726-749.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Villanueva-Rosario, Junior Alexis & Santos-García, Félix & Aybar-Mejía, Miguel Euclides & Mendoza-Araya, Patricio & Molina-García, Angel, 2022. "Coordinated ancillary services, market participation and communication of multi-microgrids: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    2. Sohail Sarwar & Desen Kirli & Michael M. C. Merlin & Aristides E. Kiprakis, 2022. "Major Challenges towards Energy Management and Power Sharing in a Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-30, November.
    3. Roslan, M.F. & Hannan, M.A. & Ker, Pin Jern & Uddin, M.N., 2019. "Microgrid control methods toward achieving sustainable energy management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 583-607.
    4. Md Mainul Islam & Mahmood Nagrial & Jamal Rizk & Ali Hellany, 2021. "General Aspects, Islanding Detection, and Energy Management in Microgrids: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-45, August.
    5. Barelli, L. & Bidini, G. & Pelosi, D. & Ciupageanu, D.A. & Cardelli, E. & Castellini, S. & Lăzăroiu, G., 2020. "Comparative analysis of AC and DC bus configurations for flywheel-battery HESS integration in residential micro-grids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    6. Bullich-Massagué, Eduard & Díaz-González, Francisco & Aragüés-Peñalba, Mònica & Girbau-Llistuella, Francesc & Olivella-Rosell, Pol & Sumper, Andreas, 2018. "Microgrid clustering architectures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 340-361.
    7. Yoldaş, Yeliz & Önen, Ahmet & Muyeen, S.M. & Vasilakos, Athanasios V. & Alan, İrfan, 2017. "Enhancing smart grid with microgrids: Challenges and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 205-214.
    8. Jose L. López-Prado & Jorge I. Vélez & Guisselle A. Garcia-Llinás, 2020. "Reliability Evaluation in Distribution Networks with Microgrids: Review and Classification of the Literature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-31, November.
    9. Bustos, Cristian & Watts, David, 2017. "Novel methodology for microgrids in isolated communities: Electricity cost-coverage trade-off with 3-stage technology mix, dispatch & configuration optimizations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 204-221.
    10. Vitor Monteiro & Julio S. Martins & João Carlos Aparício Fernandes & Joao L. Afonso, 2021. "Review of a Disruptive Vision of Future Power Grids: A New Path Based on Hybrid AC/DC Grids and Solid-State Transformers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-25, August.
    11. Mirsaeidi, Sohrab & Dong, Xinzhou & Said, Dalila Mat, 2018. "Towards hybrid AC/DC microgrids: Critical analysis and classification of protection strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 97-103.
    12. Hao Pan & Ming Ding & Anwei Chen & Rui Bi & Lei Sun & Shengliang Shi, 2018. "Research on Distributed Power Capacity and Site Optimization Planning of AC/DC Hybrid Micrograms Considering Line Factors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, July.
    13. Hamdi Abdi, 2022. "A Brief Review of Microgrid Surveys, by Focusing on Energy Management System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    14. Arcos-Aviles, Diego & Pascual, Julio & Guinjoan, Francesc & Marroyo, Luis & Sanchis, Pablo & Marietta, Martin P., 2017. "Low complexity energy management strategy for grid profile smoothing of a residential grid-connected microgrid using generation and demand forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 69-84.
    15. Khosravi, N. & Abdolmohammadi, H.R. & Bagheri, S. & Miveh, M.R., 2021. "Improvement of harmonic conditions in the AC/DC microgrids with the presence of filter compensation modules," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    16. Burmester, Daniel & Rayudu, Ramesh & Seah, Winston & Akinyele, Daniel, 2017. "A review of nanogrid topologies and technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 760-775.
    17. Álex Omar Topa Gavilema & José Domingo Álvarez & José Luis Torres Moreno & Manuel Pérez García, 2021. "Towards Optimal Management in Microgrids: An Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-25, August.
    18. Bandeiras, F. & Pinheiro, E. & Gomes, M. & Coelho, P. & Fernandes, J., 2020. "Review of the cooperation and operation of microgrid clusters," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    19. Vinny Motjoadi & Pitshou N. Bokoro & Moses O. Onibonoje, 2020. "A Review of Microgrid-Based Approach to Rural Electrification in South Africa: Architecture and Policy Framework," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-22, May.
    20. Hu, Jiefeng & Shan, Yinghao & Guerrero, Josep M. & Ioinovici, Adrian & Chan, Ka Wing & Rodriguez, Jose, 2021. "Model predictive control of microgrids – An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:5:p:2450-:d:1087535. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.