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General Aspects, Islanding Detection, and Energy Management in Microgrids: A Review

Author

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  • Md Mainul Islam

    (School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia)

  • Mahmood Nagrial

    (School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia)

  • Jamal Rizk

    (School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia)

  • Ali Hellany

    (School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia)

Abstract

Distributed generators (DGs) have emerged as an advanced technology for satisfying growing energy demands and significantly mitigating the pollution caused by emissions. Microgrids (MGs) are attractive energy systems because they offer the reliable integration of DGs into the utility grid. An MG-based approach uses a self-sustained system that can operate in a grid-tied mode under normal conditions, as well as in an islanded mode when grid disturbance occurs. Islanding detection is essential; islanding may injure utility operators and disturb electricity generation and supply because of unsynchronized re-closure. In MGs, an energy management system (EMS) is essential for the optimal use of DGs in intelligent, sustainable, reliable, and integrated ways. In this comprehensive review, the classification of different operating modes of MGs, islanding detection techniques (IDTs), and EMSs are presented and discussed. This review shows that the existing IDTs and EMSs can be used when operating MGs. However, further development of IDTs and EMSs is still required to achieve more reliable operation and cost-effective energy management of MGs in the future. This review also highlights various MG challenges and recommendations for the operation of MGs, which will enhance the cost, efficiency, and reliability of MG operation for next-generation smart grid applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Md Mainul Islam & Mahmood Nagrial & Jamal Rizk & Ali Hellany, 2021. "General Aspects, Islanding Detection, and Energy Management in Microgrids: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-45, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:9301-:d:617333
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Musawenkosi Lethumcebo Thanduxolo Zulu & Rudiren Pillay Carpanen & Remy Tiako, 2023. "A Comprehensive Review: Study of Artificial Intelligence Optimization Technique Applications in a Hybrid Microgrid at Times of Fault Outbreaks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-32, February.
    2. Umme Kulsum Jhuma & Shameem Ahmad & Tofael Ahmed, 2022. "A Novel Approach for Secure Hybrid Islanding Detection Considering the Dynamic Behavior of Power and Load in Electrical Distribution Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-27, October.
    3. Juan Roberto Lopez & Luis Ibarra & Pedro Ponce & Arturo Molina, 2021. "A Decentralized Passive Islanding Detection Method Based on the Variations of Estimated Droop Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-19, November.

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