IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i2p1003-d1037779.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

An Experimental Investigation on the Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine Fuelled by Diesel-Palm Biodiesel–Ethanol/Propanol Based Ternary Blends

Author

Listed:
  • Navaneetha Krishnan Balakrishnan

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia)

  • Yew Heng Teoh

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia)

  • Heoy Geok How

    (Department of Engineering, School of Engineering, Computing and Built Environment, UOW Malaysia KDU Penang University College, 32 Jalan Anson, Georgetown 10400, Penang, Malaysia)

  • Thanh Danh Le

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao Street, Ward 4, Go Vap District, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam)

  • Huu Tho Nguyen

    (Faculty of Engineering and Technology, An Phu Dong Campus 2, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 1165 National Route 1A, An Phu Dong Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 729800, Vietnam)

Abstract

Issues such as rising fuel prices, fuel costs, and lowering reserves highlight the importance of research into sustainable fuels derived from biological sources. This study is focused on experiments on a CI engine using ethanol and propanol-based ternary blends. Palm biodiesel is kept constant at 40% volumetric concentration, while diesel and ethanol/propanol are varied in different batches. The results obtained with ternary blends were compared with reference fuel diesel, pure palm biodiesel, and a palm biodiesel–diesel binary blend. The ternary blends exhibit lower brake thermal efficiency and higher brake specific energy consumption than diesel and binary blends due to their lower calorific value. Despite in-fuel oxygen presence, lower brake specific oxides of nitrogen and smoke opacity were observed for engine operation with a ternary blend due to the predominant role of higher latent heat of vaporization and volatility of alcohols, but unburned hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions increased due to the interactive effect of a lower cetane number, higher latent heat of vaporization, and lower kinematic viscosity of alcohols when compared to reference fuels. Among the tested fuels, in-cylinder pressure was observed to decrease with ternary blends due to their lower calorific value, but a raised heat release rate was attributed to lower viscosity and faster burning of alcohols.

Suggested Citation

  • Navaneetha Krishnan Balakrishnan & Yew Heng Teoh & Heoy Geok How & Thanh Danh Le & Huu Tho Nguyen, 2023. "An Experimental Investigation on the Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine Fuelled by Diesel-Palm Biodiesel–Ethanol/Propanol Based Ternary Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-18, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:1003-:d:1037779
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/2/1003/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/2/1003/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kandasamy, Senthil Kumar & Selvaraj, Arun Saco & Rajagopal, Thundil Karuppa Raj, 2019. "Experimental investigations of ethanol blended biodiesel fuel on automotive diesel engine performance, emission and durability characteristics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 411-419.
    2. Teuku Azuar Rizal & Khairil & Mahidin & Husni Husin & Ahmadi & Fahrizal Nasution & Hamdani Umar, 2022. "The Experimental Study of Pangium Edule Biodiesel in a High-Speed Diesel Generator for Biopower Electricity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-15, July.
    3. Arkadiusz Jamrozik & Wojciech Tutak & Renata Gnatowska & Łukasz Nowak, 2019. "Comparative Analysis of the Combustion Stability of Diesel-Methanol and Diesel-Ethanol in a Dual Fuel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-17, March.
    4. María D. Redel-Macías & David E. Leiva-Candia & José A. Soriano & José M. Herreros & Antonio J. Cubero-Atienza & Sara Pinzi, 2021. "Influence of Short Carbon-Chain Alcohol (Ethanol and 1-Propanol)/Diesel Fuel Blends over Diesel Engine Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-17, February.
    5. Clerides, Sofronis & Zachariadis, Theodoros, 2008. "The effect of standards and fuel prices on automobile fuel economy: An international analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(5), pages 2657-2672, September.
    6. Arkadiusz Jamrozik & Wojciech Tutak & Karol Grab-Rogaliński, 2021. "Combustion Stability, Performance and Emission Characteristics of a CI Engine Fueled with Diesel/n-Butanol Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-20, May.
    7. Lech J. Sitnik & Zbigniew J. Sroka & Monika Andrych-Zalewska, 2020. "The Impact on Emissions When an Engine Is Run on Fuel with a High Heavy Alcohol Content," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-20, December.
    8. Tara Larsson & Senthil Krishnan Mahendar & Anders Christiansen-Erlandsson & Ulf Olofsson, 2021. "The Effect of Pure Oxygenated Biofuels on Efficiency and Emissions in a Gasoline Optimised DISI Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-24, June.
    9. Prakash, T. & Geo, V. Edwin & Martin, Leenus Jesu & Nagalingam, B., 2018. "Effect of ternary blends of bio-ethanol, diesel and castor oil on performance, emission and combustion in a CI engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 301-309.
    10. Balat, Mustafa & Balat, Havva, 2009. "Recent trends in global production and utilization of bio-ethanol fuel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(11), pages 2273-2282, November.
    11. Paul, Abhishek & Panua, Rajsekhar & Debroy, Durbadal, 2017. "An experimental study of combustion, performance, exergy and emission characteristics of a CI engine fueled by Diesel-ethanol-biodiesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 839-852.
    12. Akhmad Akhmad & Buyung Romadhoni & Kasnaeny Karim & Muhammad Jibril Tajibu & Muhammad Syukur, 2019. "The Impact of Fuel Oil Price Fluctuations on Indonesia s Macro Economic Condition," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(2), pages 277-282.
    13. Khatha Wathakit & Ekarong Sukjit & Chalita Kaewbuddee & Somkiat Maithomklang & Niti Klinkaew & Pansa Liplap & Weerachai Arjharn & Jiraphon Srisertpol, 2021. "Characterization and Impact of Waste Plastic Oil in a Variable Compression Ratio Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-18, April.
    14. Naik, S.N. & Goud, Vaibhav V. & Rout, Prasant K. & Dalai, Ajay K., 2010. "Production of first and second generation biofuels: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 578-597, February.
    15. Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi & Cheung, Chun Shun & Yung, Ka-Fu, 2018. "Study of combustion, performance and emissions of diesel engine fueled with diesel/biodiesel/alcohol blends having the same oxygen concentration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 258-269.
    16. Drew Shindell & Christopher J. Smith, 2019. "Climate and air-quality benefits of a realistic phase-out of fossil fuels," Nature, Nature, vol. 573(7774), pages 408-411, September.
    17. El-Sheekh, Mostafa M. & Bedaiwy, Mohammed Y. & El-Nagar, Aya A. & ElKelawy, Medhat & Alm-Eldin Bastawissi, Hagar, 2022. "Ethanol biofuel production and characteristics optimization from wheat straw hydrolysate: Performance and emission study of DI-diesel engine fueled with diesel/biodiesel/ethanol blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 591-607.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Marietta Markiewicz & Piotr Aleksandrowicz & Łukasz Muślewski & Michał Pająk, 2023. "Testing and Analysis of Selected Operating Parameters of a Vehicle Powered by Fuel with the Addition of Biocomponents," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-14, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi & Wong, Pak Kin & Cheung, Chun Shun & Ning, Zhi & Yung, Ka-Fu & Zhao, Jing & Gali, Nirmal Kumar & Berenjestanaki, Alireza Valipour, 2021. "Impact of lower and higher alcohols on the physicochemical properties of particulate matter from diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    2. Jagtap, Sharad P. & Pawar, Anand N. & Lahane, Subhash, 2020. "Improving the usability of biodiesel blend in low heat rejection diesel engine through combustion, performance and emission analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 628-644.
    3. Filimonau, Viachaslau & Högström, Michaela, 2017. "The attitudes of UK tourists to the use of biofuels in civil aviation: An exploratory study," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 84-94.
    4. Bharathiraja, B. & Jayamuthunagai, J. & Sudharsanaa, T. & Bharghavi, A. & Praveenkumar, R. & Chakravarthy, M. & Yuvaraj, D., 2017. "Biobutanol – An impending biofuel for future: A review on upstream and downstream processing tecniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P1), pages 788-807.
    5. Upendra Rajak & Abhishek Dasore & Prem Kumar Chaurasiya & Tikendra Nath Verma & Prerana Nashine & Anil Kumar, 2023. "Effects of microalgae -ethanol-methanol-diesel blends on the spray characteristics and emissions of a diesel engine," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 1-22, January.
    6. Phanankosi Moyo & Mahluli Moyo & Donatus Dube & Oswell Rusinga, 2013. "Biofuel Policy as a Key Driver for Sustainable Development in the Biofuel Sector: The Missing Ingredient in Zimbabwe’s Biofuel Pursuit," Modern Applied Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 8(1), pages 1-36, February.
    7. Vallinayagam, R. & Vedharaj, S. & Yang, W.M. & Roberts, W.L. & Dibble, R.W., 2015. "Feasibility of using less viscous and lower cetane (LVLC) fuels in a diesel engine: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1166-1190.
    8. Maity, Sunil K., 2015. "Opportunities, recent trends and challenges of integrated biorefinery: Part II," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1446-1466.
    9. Guirong Wu & Jun Cong Ge & Nag Jung Choi, 2021. "Effect of Ethanol Additives on Combustion and Emissions of a Diesel Engine Fueled by Palm Oil Biodiesel at Idling Speed," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-12, March.
    10. Hongshen Li & Hongrui Liu & Yufang Li & Jilin Nan & Chen Shi & Shizhong Li, 2021. "Combined Vapor Permeation and Continuous Solid-State Distillation for Energy-Efficient Bioethanol Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-15, April.
    11. Michailos, Stavros & Parker, David & Webb, Colin, 2017. "Design, Sustainability Analysis and Multiobjective Optimisation of Ethanol Production via Syngas Fermentation," MPRA Paper 87640, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Liu, Tingting & McConkey, Brian & Huffman, Ted & Smith, Stephen & MacGregor, Bob & Yemshanov, Denys & Kulshreshtha, Suren, 2014. "Potential and impacts of renewable energy production from agricultural biomass in Canada," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 222-229.
    13. Krishnan, M. Gowthama & Rajkumar, Sundararajan, 2022. "Effects of dual fuel combustion on performance, emission and energy-exergy characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with diesel-isobutanol and biodiesel-isobutanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    14. Oumer, A.N. & Hasan, M.M. & Baheta, Aklilu Tesfamichael & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, A.A., 2018. "Bio-based liquid fuels as a source of renewable energy: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 82-98.
    15. Kumar, Manish & Gayen, Kalyan, 2011. "Developments in biobutanol production: New insights," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(6), pages 1999-2012, June.
    16. Ishtiaq Ahmed & Muhammad Anjum Zia & Huma Afzal & Shaheez Ahmed & Muhammad Ahmad & Zain Akram & Farooq Sher & Hafiz M. N. Iqbal, 2021. "Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts of Biomass Valorisation: A Strategic Drive for Sustainable Bioeconomy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-32, April.
    17. Chalita Kaewbuddee & Somkiat Maithomklang & Prasert Aengchuan & Attasit Wiangkham & Niti Klinkaew & Atthaphon Ariyarit & Ekarong Sukjit, 2023. "Effects of Alcohol-Blended Waste Plastic Oil on Engine Performance Characteristics and Emissions of a Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-25, January.
    18. Rajak, Upendra & Nashine, Prerana & Verma, Tikendra Nath, 2019. "Characteristics of microalgae spirulina biodiesel with the impact of n-butanol addition on a CI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    19. Tomasz Kalak, 2023. "Potential Use of Industrial Biomass Waste as a Sustainable Energy Source in the Future," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-25, February.
    20. Osman, Ahmed I. & Qasim, Umair & Jamil, Farrukh & Al-Muhtaseb, Ala'a H. & Jrai, Ahmad Abu & Al-Riyami, Mohammed & Al-Maawali, Suhaib & Al-Haj, Lamya & Al-Hinai, Amer & Al-Abri, Mohammed & Inayat, Abra, 2021. "Bioethanol and biodiesel: Bibliometric mapping, policies and future needs," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:1003-:d:1037779. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.