IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i8p2711-d788691.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Comparative Study of Non-Rare-Earth and Rare-Earth PM Motors for EV Applications

Author

Listed:
  • Yawei Wang

    (School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Nicola Bianchi

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy)

  • Ronghai Qu

    (School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)

Abstract

Recently, non-rare-earth motors are attracting more and more attention due to the booming of the electric vehicle (EV) market and, more importantly, the increasing price of the rare-earth magnet material. This paper focuses on the performance comparison among a commercial interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor and two non-rare-earth motors, including a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) and a permanent-magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMaSynRM). The design procedure to develop a high-torque-density, low-torque-ripple and high-efficiency SynRM is presented. Combined with a developed automatic modeling and simulation procedure, the finite element analysis (FEA)-based differential evolution (DE) algorithm is introduced for the SynRM rotor optimization. In order to fully inspire the potential of the SynRM, a novel method to optimize the motor split ratio is proposed under the constraint of the copper loss. In addition, different slot–pole combinations are investigated to maximize the motor torque, and the rotor structure is also dealt with towards the centrifugal stress at the maximum operating speed. Finally, the motor performance comparison is carried out, and the results show that although the SynRM achieves almost 61% cost savings, its poor torque capability, power factor and flux weakening (FW) capability are non-negligible defects. On the contrary, the PMaSynRM exhibits excellent features for the EV applications in terms of cost, torque density, efficiency and FW capability. This paper presents a novel split ratio optimization method for the optimal SynRM/PMaSynRM design and demonstrates the characteristics of the IPM motors, SynRMs and PMaSynRMs for EV applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Yawei Wang & Nicola Bianchi & Ronghai Qu, 2022. "Comparative Study of Non-Rare-Earth and Rare-Earth PM Motors for EV Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:8:p:2711-:d:788691
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/8/2711/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/8/2711/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ya Li & Hui Yang & Heyun Lin & Shuhua Fang & Weijia Wang, 2019. "A Novel Magnet-Axis-Shifted Hybrid Permanent Magnet Machine for Electric Vehicle Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-13, February.
    2. Yuanfeng Lan & Yassine Benomar & Kritika Deepak & Ahmet Aksoz & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Emine Bostanci & Omar Hegazy, 2021. "Switched Reluctance Motors and Drive Systems for Electric Vehicle Powertrains: State of the Art Analysis and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-29, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Vladimir Dmitrievskii & Vladimir Prakht & Vadim Kazakbaev & Alecksey Anuchin, 2022. "Comparison of Interior Permanent Magnet and Synchronous Homopolar Motors for a Mining Dump Truck Traction Drive Operated in Wide Constant Power Speed Range," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-13, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Youssef Amry & Elhoussin Elbouchikhi & Franck Le Gall & Mounir Ghogho & Soumia El Hani, 2022. "Electric Vehicle Traction Drives and Charging Station Power Electronics: Current Status and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-30, August.
    2. Yun Zhang & Liang Chen & Zhixue Wang & Enguang Hou, 2022. "Speed Control of Switched Reluctance Motor Based on Regulation Region of Switching Angle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-24, August.
    3. Michal Gierczynski & Lech M. Grzesiak, 2021. "Comparative Analysis of the Steady-State Model Including Non-Linear Flux Linkage Surfaces and the Simplified Linearized Model when Applied to a Highly-Saturated Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine—Ev," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, April.
    4. Shaopeng Wu & Jinyang Zhou & Xinmiao Zhang & Jiaqiang Yu, 2022. "Design and Research on High Power Density Motor of Integrated Motor Drive System for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-23, May.
    5. Mahmoud Hamouda & Fahad Al-Amyal & Ismoil Odinaev & Mohamed N. Ibrahim & László Számel, 2022. "A Novel Universal Torque Control of Switched Reluctance Motors for Electric Vehicles," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(20), pages 1-21, October.
    6. Ling Ding & Yuan Cheng & Tianxu Zhao & Kai Yao & Yao Wang & Shumei Cui, 2023. "Design and Optimization of an Asymmetric Rotor IPM Motor with High Demagnetization Prevention Capability and Robust Torque Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-15, April.
    7. Yuanfeng Lan & Julien Croonen & Mohamed Amine Frikha & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "A Comprehensive Performance Comparison between Segmental and Conventional Switched Reluctance Machines with Boost and Standard Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-18, December.
    8. Shantanu Pardhi & Sajib Chakraborty & Dai-Duong Tran & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Steven Wilkins & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "A Review of Fuel Cell Powertrains for Long-Haul Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Technology, Hydrogen, Energy and Thermal Management Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-55, December.
    9. Vladimir Dmitrievskii & Vladimir Prakht & Vadim Kazakbaev & Alecksey Anuchin, 2022. "Comparison of Interior Permanent Magnet and Synchronous Homopolar Motors for a Mining Dump Truck Traction Drive Operated in Wide Constant Power Speed Range," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-13, May.
    10. Muhammad Ramiz Zakir & Junaid Ikram & Saleem Iqbal Shah & Syed Sabir Hussain Bukhari & Salman Ali & Fabrizio Marignetti, 2022. "Performance Improvement of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Machine with Phase Group Concentrated Coil Winding," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-22, October.
    11. Yuanfeng Lan & Mohamed Amine Frikha & Julien Croonen & Yassine Benômar & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "Design Optimization of a Switched Reluctance Machine with an Improved Segmental Rotor for Electric Vehicle Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-16, August.
    12. Christodoulos Katis & Athanasios Karlis, 2023. "Evolution of Equipment in Electromobility and Autonomous Driving Regarding Safety Issues," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-34, January.
    13. Mahmoud A. Gaafar & Arwa Abdelmaksoud & Mohamed Orabi & Hao Chen & Mostafa Dardeer, 2021. "Performance Investigation of Switched Reluctance Motor Driven by Quasi-Z-Source Integrated Multiport Converter with Different Switching Algorithms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-14, August.
    14. Chiweta Emmanuel Abunike & Ogbonnaya Inya Okoro & Sumeet S. Aphale, 2022. "Intelligent Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motor Using Genetic Aggregation Response Surface and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm for Improved Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-23, August.
    15. Jiahui Huang & Weinong Fu & Shuangxia Niu & Xing Zhao & Yanding Bi & Zhenyang Qiao, 2022. "A General Pattern-Based Design Optimization for Asymmetric Spoke-Type Interior PM Machines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-14, December.
    16. Xinming Xu & Yang Gu & Guangjun Liu, 2022. "Study on a Wheel Electric Drive System with SRD for Loader," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-16, May.
    17. Dimitrios Rimpas & Stavrοs D. Kaminaris & Dimitrios D. Piromalis & George Vokas & Konstantinos G. Arvanitis & Christos-Spyridon Karavas, 2023. "Comparative Review of Motor Technologies for Electric Vehicles Powered by a Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Multi-Criteria Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-24, March.
    18. Vijina Abhijith & M. J. Hossain & Gang Lei & Premlal Ajikumar Sreelekha & Tibinmon Pulimoottil Monichan & Sree Venkateswara Rao, 2022. "Hybrid Switched Reluctance Motors for Electric Vehicle Applications with High Torque Capability without Permanent Magnet," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-16, October.
    19. Natalia Radwan-Pragłowska & Tomasz Węgiel, 2022. "Permanent Magnet Selections for AFPM Disc Generators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-14, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:8:p:2711-:d:788691. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.