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Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydrogen Production Processes: Turquoise Hydrogen vs. Steam Methane Reforming

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  • Gayatri Udaysinh Ingale

    (Green Process and Energy System Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
    Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea)

  • Hyun-Min Kwon

    (Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea)

  • Soohwa Jeong

    (Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea)

  • Dongho Park

    (Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea)

  • Whidong Kim

    (Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea)

  • Byeingryeol Bang

    (Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea)

  • Young-Il Lim

    (Center of Sustainable Process Engineering (CoSPE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Hankyoung National University, Anseong-si 17579, Republic of Korea)

  • Sung Won Kim

    (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si 27469, Republic of Korea)

  • Youn-Bae Kang

    (Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Energy Materials Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea)

  • Jungsoo Mun

    (Institute of Technology, Lotte Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd., Seoul 06515, Republic of Korea)

  • Sunwoo Jun

    (Carbon Neutral Research Institute, Samchully Co., Ltd., Osan-si 18102, Republic of Korea)

  • Uendo Lee

    (Green Process and Energy System Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
    Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Hydrogen has received substantial attention because of its diverse application in the energy sector. Steam methane reforming (SMR) dominates the current hydrogen production and is the least expensive endothermic reaction to produce grey hydrogen. This technology provides the advantages of low cost and high energy efficiency; however, it emits an enormous amount of CO 2 . Carbon capture storage (CCS) technology helps reduce these emissions by 47% to 53%, producing blue hydrogen. Methane pyrolysis is an alternative to SMR that produces (ideally) CO 2 -free turquoise hydrogen. In practice, methane pyrolysis reduces CO 2 emissions by 71% compared to grey hydrogen and 46% compared to blue hydrogen. While carbon dioxide emissions decrease with CCS, fugitive methane emissions (FMEs) for blue and turquoise hydrogen are higher than those for grey hydrogen because of the increased use of natural gas to power carbon capture. We undertake FMEs of 3.6% of natural gas consumption for individual processes. In this study, we also explore the utilization of biogas as a feedstock and additional Boudouard reactions for efficient utilization of solid carbon from methane pyrolysis and carbon dioxide from biogas. The present study focuses on possible ways to reduce overall emissions from turquoise hydrogen to provide solutions for a sustainable low-CO 2 energy source.

Suggested Citation

  • Gayatri Udaysinh Ingale & Hyun-Min Kwon & Soohwa Jeong & Dongho Park & Whidong Kim & Byeingryeol Bang & Young-Il Lim & Sung Won Kim & Youn-Bae Kang & Jungsoo Mun & Sunwoo Jun & Uendo Lee, 2022. "Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydrogen Production Processes: Turquoise Hydrogen vs. Steam Methane Reforming," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-20, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:22:p:8679-:d:977450
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Negar Shaya & Simon Glöser-Chahoud, 2024. "A Review of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Studies for Hydrogen Production Technologies through Water Electrolysis: Recent Advances," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-21, August.
    3. Ayiguzhali Tuluhong & Qingpu Chang & Lirong Xie & Zhisen Xu & Tengfei Song, 2024. "Current Status of Green Hydrogen Production Technology: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-47, October.
    4. Jamshid Yakhshilikov & Marco Cavana & Pierluigi Leone, 2024. "A Review of the Energy System and Transport Sector in Uzbekistan in View of Future Hydrogen Uptake," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-30, August.
    5. Panupon Trairat & Sakda Somkun & Tanakorn Kaewchum & Tawat Suriwong & Pisit Maneechot & Teerapon Panpho & Wikarn Wansungnern & Sathit Banthuek & Bongkot Prasit & Tanongkiat Kiatsiriroat, 2023. "Grid Integration of Livestock Biogas Using Self-Excited Induction Generator and Spark-Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-23, June.
    6. Mohsen Fallah Vostakola & Hasan Ozcan & Rami S. El-Emam & Bahman Amini Horri, 2023. "Recent Advances in High-Temperature Steam Electrolysis with Solid Oxide Electrolysers for Green Hydrogen Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-50, April.

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