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Determination of Carbonyls Compound, Ketones and Aldehydes Emissions from CI Diesel Engines Fueled with Pure Diesel/Diesel Methanol Blends

Author

Listed:
  • Hani Al-Rawashdeh

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71110, Jordan)

  • Ahmad O. Hasan

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71110, Jordan)

  • Mohamed R. Gomaa

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71110, Jordan
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Benha 13512, Egypt)

  • Ahmad Abu-jrai

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71110, Jordan)

  • Mohammad Shalby

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71110, Jordan)

Abstract

Quantitative and qualitative analyses of chemical species out of CI engine tailpipe emissions fueled with pure diesel and diesel methanol blends, trapped in dinitro phenylhydrazine (DNPH) solutions, were performed. The formed hydrazine was studied using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) accompanied by a detector for ultraviolet (UV). A set of carbonyl-DNPH derivative standards was developed and compared with engine tailpipe gases produced by both fuel modes. An understanding of carbonyl chemical compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein (HCHO, CH 3 CHO, and H 2 = CHCHO, respectively) is essential for researchers to know how these chemicals affect human health and the environment. In both fuel modes, acetaldehyde was the main combustible product 25 ppm followed by formaldehyde 17 ppm, croton aldehydes 16 ppm, acrolein 12 ppm, and iso-valerdyhyde 10 ppm. In addition to these species, only a few other chemical species were detected in the exhaust gas. According to this study, carbonyl compounds from blended fuel contribute 15–22% of pure diesel fuel emissions. As shown by the results, engine operating conditions and fuel mode have a strong impact on the total amount of carbonyls released by the engine. Engine performance was highly influenced by different fuel modes and engine speeds. Using pure diesel, the regulated emissions, HC, CO, and NOx, registered high concentrations at a lower speed (1500 rpm) and NOx presented with the highest concentration of 4 g/kWh followed by CO with 1 g/kWh and HC with 0.5 g/kWh.

Suggested Citation

  • Hani Al-Rawashdeh & Ahmad O. Hasan & Mohamed R. Gomaa & Ahmad Abu-jrai & Mohammad Shalby, 2022. "Determination of Carbonyls Compound, Ketones and Aldehydes Emissions from CI Diesel Engines Fueled with Pure Diesel/Diesel Methanol Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-16, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:21:p:7933-:d:953179
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Lee, Sanghoon & Lee, Chang Sik & Park, Sungwook & Gupta, Jai Gopal & Maurya, Rakesh Kumar & Agarwal, Avinash Kumar, 2017. "Spray characteristics, engine performance and emissions analysis for Karanja biodiesel and its blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 138-151.
    6. Hani Al-Rawashdeh & Ahmad O. Hasan & Hazem A. Al-Shakhanbeh & Mujahed Al-Dhaifallah & Mohamed R. Gomaa & Hegazy Rezk, 2021. "Investigation of the Effect of Solar Ventilation on the Cabin Temperature of Vehicles Parked under the Sun," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-21, December.
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    2. Jinping Liu & Guangzhao Guo & Mingrui Wei, 2023. "Effects of Methanol Addition on the Combustion Process of the Methanol/Diesel Dual-Fuel Based on an Optical Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-18, December.

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