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Women in Kazakhstan’s Energy Industries: Implications for Energy Transition

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  • Zauresh Atakhanova

    (School of Mining and Geosciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan)

  • Peter Howie

    (Graduate School of Public Policy, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan)

Abstract

Kazakhstan has a relatively high level of overall gender development, as well as of female employment in its energy industries. Diverse views and backgrounds are necessary to address the challenges of curbing emissions in Kazakhstan, a major fossil fuel producer and exporter. However, our analysis of the Labor Force Survey indicates that female representation among energy sector managers and overall workforce has been falling over time. Moreover, we find that women in Kazakhstan’s coal mining, petroleum extraction, and power industries are concentrated in low-skilled and non-core occupations. Next, by analyzing data on labor compensation within energy occupations, we discover signs of persistent vertical discrimination, which may reduce incentives for women to upgrade their skills. Finally, we find that major shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may stall or reverse prior progress in increasing the energy sector’s gender diversity. Our findings contribute to raising gender awareness among the stakeholders in Kazakhstan’s energy sector in order to facilitate evidence-based gender mainstreaming.

Suggested Citation

  • Zauresh Atakhanova & Peter Howie, 2022. "Women in Kazakhstan’s Energy Industries: Implications for Energy Transition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:13:p:4540-:d:844426
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Small, Sarah F. & van der Meulen Rodgers, Yana, 2023. "The gendered effects of investing in physical and social infrastructure," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    3. Sumarno, Theresia B. & Yusgiantoro, Inka B. & Fitriyanti, Vivi & Khusna, Vivid A., 2024. "Challenges in increasing Women's participation in the energy transition in ASEAN and G7 countries: A qualitative approach based on the three tenets of justice," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    4. Timur Kogabayev & Anne Põder & Henrik Barth & Rando Värnik, 2023. "Prospects for Wood Pellet Production in Kazakhstan: A Case Study on Business Model Adjustment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-20, August.
    5. Farah Mneimneh & Hasan Ghazzawi & Mohammad Abu Hejjeh & Matteo Manganelli & Seeram Ramakrishna, 2023. "Roadmap to Achieving Sustainable Development via Green Hydrogen," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-25, January.

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