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An Overview on Co-Pyrolysis of Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Wastes

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  • Hemant Ghai

    (Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India)

  • Deepak Sakhuja

    (Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India)

  • Shikha Yadav

    (Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India)

  • Preeti Solanki

    (Multidisciplinary Research Unit (MRU), Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India)

  • Chayanika Putatunda

    (Department of Microbiology, Om Sterling Global University, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India)

  • Ravi Kant Bhatia

    (Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India)

  • Arvind Kumar Bhatt

    (Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India)

  • Sunita Varjani

    (Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382010, Gujarat, India)

  • Yung-Hun Yang

    (Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
    Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Shashi Kant Bhatia

    (Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
    Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Abhishek Walia

    (Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, CSKHPKV, Palampur 176062, Himachal Pradesh, India)

Abstract

Continuous urbanization and modernization have increased the burning of fossil fuels to meet energy needs across the globe, emanating environmental pollution and depleting fossil fuels. Therefore, a shift towards sustainable and renewable energy is necessary. Several techniques to exploit biomass to yield energy are trending, with pyrolysis one of them. Usually, a single feedstock is employed in pyrolysis for anoxygenic generation of biochar together with bio-oil at elevated temperatures (350–600 °C). Bio-oil produced through pyrolysis can be upgraded to crude oil after some modification. However, these modifications of bio-oil are one of the major drawbacks for its large-scale adoption, as upgradation increases the overall cost. Therefore, in recent years the scientific community has been researching co-pyrolysis technology that involves the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass waste with non-biodegradable waste. Co-pyrolysis reduces the need for post-modification of bio-oil, unlike pyrolysis of a single feedstock. This review article discusses the recent advancements and technological challenges in waste biomass co-pyrolysis, the mechanism of co-pyrolysis, and factors that affect co-pyrolysis. The current study critically analyzes different recent research articles presented in databases such as PubMed, MDPI, ScienceDirect, Springer, etc. Hence, this review is one-of-a-kind in that it attempts to explain each and every aspect of the co-pyrolysis process and its current progress in the scientific field. Consequently, this review also compiles the remarkable achievements in co-pyrolysis and recommendations for the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Hemant Ghai & Deepak Sakhuja & Shikha Yadav & Preeti Solanki & Chayanika Putatunda & Ravi Kant Bhatia & Arvind Kumar Bhatt & Sunita Varjani & Yung-Hun Yang & Shashi Kant Bhatia & Abhishek Walia, 2022. "An Overview on Co-Pyrolysis of Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Wastes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-27, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:11:p:4168-:d:832570
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. B. T. Ramesh & Javed Sayyad & Arunkumar Bongale & Anupkumar Bongale, 2022. "Extraction and Performance Analysis of Hydrocarbons from Waste Plastic Using the Pyrolysis Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Ranju Kumari Rathour & Mamta Devi & Pushpak Dahiya & Nitish Sharma & Neelam Kaushik & Dolly Kumari & Pradeep Kumar & Rama Raju Baadhe & Abhishek Walia & Arvind Kumar Bhatt & Ravi Kant Bhatia, 2023. "Recent Trends, Opportunities and Challenges in Sustainable Management of Rice Straw Waste Biomass for Green Biorefinery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-18, February.

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