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Assessment of CH 4 Emissions in a Compressed Natural Gas-Adapted Engine in the Context of Changes in the Equivalence Ratio

Author

Listed:
  • Artur Jaworski

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Hubert Kuszewski

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Balawender

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Paweł Woś

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Lew

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Mirosław Jaremcio

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

Abstract

The results of diagnostic tests under steady-state speed conditions of an unloaded engine do not fully reflect the emissivity of vehicles adapted to run on natural gas. Therefore, it is reasonable to pay attention to the emissions performance of these vehicles under dynamic conditions. In this regard, the tests were carried out on a chassis dynamometer with the engine fueled by gasoline and natural gas. Due to the area of operation of natural gas vehicles being usually limited to urban areas, the urban phases of the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) and WLTC (Worldwide harmonized Light-duty vehicles Test Cycle) were adapted. While CO 2 emissions are lower when fueled by natural gas, CH 4 emissions can be high, which is related to momentary changes in the composition of the combustible mixture. Although CH 4 emissions are higher when the engine runs on natural gas, the CO 2eq value is, depending on the driving cycle, about 15–25% lower than when running on petrol. Additionally, studies have shown that in engines adapted to run on CNG (compressed natural gas), it is advisable to consider the use of catalytic converters optimized to run on natural gas, as is the case with vehicles which are factory–adapted to run on CNG.

Suggested Citation

  • Artur Jaworski & Hubert Kuszewski & Krzysztof Balawender & Paweł Woś & Krzysztof Lew & Mirosław Jaremcio, 2024. "Assessment of CH 4 Emissions in a Compressed Natural Gas-Adapted Engine in the Context of Changes in the Equivalence Ratio," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:9:p:2095-:d:1384327
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lee, Sangho & Yi, Ui Hyung & Jang, Hyungjoon & Park, Cheolwoong & Kim, Changgi, 2021. "Evaluation of emission characteristics of a stoichiometric natural gas engine fueled with compressed natural gas and biomethane," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    2. Bielaczyc, Piotr & Woodburn, Joseph & Szczotka, Andrzej, 2014. "An assessment of regulated emissions and CO2 emissions from a European light-duty CNG-fueled vehicle in the context of Euro 6 emissions regulations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 134-141.
    3. Mirosław Karczewski & Grzegorz Szamrej & Janusz Chojnowski, 2022. "Experimental Assessment of the Impact of Replacing Diesel Fuel with CNG on the Concentration of Harmful Substances in Exhaust Gases in a Dual Fuel Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-26, June.
    4. Andrew Huonder & Daniel Olsen, 2023. "Methane Emission Reduction Technologies for Natural Gas Engines: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-18, October.
    5. Pan & Lei Tao & Kang Sun & Levi M. Golston & David J. Miller & Tong Zhu & Yue Qin & Yan Zhang & Denise L. Mauzerall & Mark A. Zondlo, 2020. "Methane emissions from natural gas vehicles in China," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-10, December.
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