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A High-Efficiency Cooperative Control Strategy of Active and Passive Heating for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Author

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  • Chunjuan Shen

    (School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
    Shanghai Ranrui New Energy Vehicle Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Sichuan Xu

    (School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Lei Pan

    (School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Yuan Gao

    (School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

Abstract

The key to overcome PEMFC cold start failure is to raise the stack temperature above 0 °C before the electrochemical reaction. As the electrochemical reaction progresses, reaction heat is released inside the stack, which will heat the PEMFC stack. This heating method is called passive heating, referred to as PH in this article. Another method, called active heating, or simplified to AH in this article, involves artificially adding a device to the stack to input extra heat to the stack to increase the stack temperature more quickly and reduce the icing rate of the stack water. In this study, an optimal cooperative control strategy of AH and PH is explored by integrating AH and PH. The most effective cold start can be achieved when the temperature of the stack is raised to −20 °C by using AH with the reaction heat of the stack itself. This study provides guidance for optimizing the cold start performance of a PEMFC.

Suggested Citation

  • Chunjuan Shen & Sichuan Xu & Lei Pan & Yuan Gao, 2021. "A High-Efficiency Cooperative Control Strategy of Active and Passive Heating for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:7301-:d:671748
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Knorr, Florian & Sanchez, Daniel Garcia & Schirmer, Johannes & Gazdzicki, Pawel & Friedrich, K.A., 2019. "Methanol as antifreeze agent for cold start of automotive polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 1-10.
    2. Amamou, A. & Kandidayeni, M. & Boulon, L. & Kelouwani, S., 2018. "Real time adaptive efficient cold start strategy for proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 21-30.
    3. Li, Linjun & Wang, Shixue & Yue, Like & Wang, Guozhuo, 2019. "Cold-start method for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells based on locally heating the cathode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    4. Yang, Zirong & Du, Qing & Jia, Zhiwei & Yang, Chunguang & Jiao, Kui, 2019. "Effects of operating conditions on water and heat management by a transient multi-dimensional PEMFC system model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 462-476.
    5. Ko, Johan & Ju, Hyunchul, 2012. "Comparison of numerical simulation results and experimental data during cold-start of polymer electrolyte fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 364-374.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tao, Xingxiao & Sun, Kai & Chen, Rui & Li, Qifeng & Liu, Huaiyu & Zhang, Wenzhe & Che, Zhizhao & Wang, Tianyou, 2024. "Effect of gas diffusion layer parameters on cold start of PEMFCs with metal foam flow field," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 364(C).

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