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Remote Microgrids for Energy Access in Indonesia—Part II: PV Microgrids and a Technology Outlook

Author

Listed:
  • Desmon Simatupang

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands)

  • Ilman Sulaeman

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands)

  • Niek Moonen

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands)

  • Rinaldi Maulana

    (Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), Jakarta 15418, Indonesia)

  • Safitri Baharuddin

    (NZMATES, Kota Ambon 97121, Indonesia)

  • Amalia Suryani

    (Faculty of Economics, Leipzig University, 04109 Leipzig, Germany)

  • Jelena Popovic

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
    Klimop Energy, 7001 EX Doetinchem, The Netherlands)

  • Frank Leferink

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
    Thales Netherlands, 7554 RR Hengelo, The Netherlands)

Abstract

This paper is the companion paper of Remote Microgrids for Energy Access in Indonesia “ Part I: scaling and sustainability challenges and a technology outlook ”. This part II investigates the issues of photovoltaic (PV) systems with respect to the planning, design, and operation, and maintenance phases in microgrids in Indonesia. The technology outlooks are also included as PV has an important role in providing electricity in the underdeveloped, isolated, and border areas. The data in this paper are from PV microgrids located in Maluku and North Maluku, which are two provinces where there is barely any grid connection available and thus very dependent on remote microgrids. The data are obtained from interviews with Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) and NZMATES, which are an Indonesian utility company and a program for supporting role for the PV systems in Maluku funded by New Zealand respectively. Common issues with respect to reliability and sustainability are identified based on the provided data. Advanced technologies to increase reliability and sustainability are also presented in this paper as a technology outlook. Among these solutions are online monitoring systems, PV and battery lifetime estimation, load forecasting strategies, and PV inverters technology.

Suggested Citation

  • Desmon Simatupang & Ilman Sulaeman & Niek Moonen & Rinaldi Maulana & Safitri Baharuddin & Amalia Suryani & Jelena Popovic & Frank Leferink, 2021. "Remote Microgrids for Energy Access in Indonesia—Part II: PV Microgrids and a Technology Outlook," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:6901-:d:661324
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shuyu Dai & Dongxiao Niu & Yan Li, 2018. "Daily Peak Load Forecasting Based on Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise and Support Vector Machine Optimized by Modified Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-25, January.
    2. Alessandro Niccolai & Francesco Grimaccia & Sonia Leva, 2019. "Advanced Asset Management Tools in Photovoltaic Plant Monitoring: UAV-Based Digital Mapping," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Happy Aprillia & Hong-Tzer Yang & Chao-Ming Huang, 2019. "Optimal Decomposition and Reconstruction of Discrete Wavelet Transformation for Short-Term Load Forecasting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-23, December.
    4. Desmon Petrus Simatupang & Jaeho Choi, 2018. "Integrated Photovoltaic Inverters Based on Unified Power Quality Conditioner with Voltage Compensation for Submarine Distribution System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-22, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mohammed Abdullah H. Alshehri & Youguang Guo & Gang Lei, 2023. "Renewable-Energy-Based Microgrid Design and Feasibility Analysis for King Saud University Campus, Riyadh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-24, July.

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