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Hybrid Energy Storage System with Vehicle Body Integrated Super-Capacitor and Li-Ion Battery: Model, Design and Implementation, for Distributed Energy Storage

Author

Listed:
  • Sekhar Raghu Raman

    (Power Electronics Research Center, Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

  • Ka-Wai (Eric) Cheng

    (Power Electronics Research Center, Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

  • Xiang-Dang Xue

    (Power Electronics Research Center, Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

  • Yat-Chi Fong

    (Power Electronics Research Center, Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

  • Simon Cheung

    (Power Electronics Research Center, Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

Abstract

In this paper, a distributed energy storage design within an electric vehicle for smarter mobility applications is introduced. Idea of body integrated super-capacitor technology, design concept and its implementation is proposed in the paper. Individual super-capacitor cells are connected in series or parallel to form a string connection of super-capacitors with the associated management unit to form a panel. These super-capacitor panels are shaped to fit the alternative concept of vehicle design, and it solves the design issues and prepares for configurable electric vehicles. Body integration of super-capacitors enhances the acceleration, and regenerative braking performances of the electric vehicle increases the operating life of the Li-ion battery and improves space utilization by giving more area for the main energy source, the Li-ion battery. Integrating super-capacitor into the car body involves special packaging technology to minimize space and promotes distributed energy storage within a vehicle. This pioneering design encourages future configurable electric vehicles. Model of both the Li-ion battery and the super-capacitor employed is studied with its series internal resistance determined at various C-rates. Loss and the efficiency analysis of the bi-directional converter, traits of body integrated super-capacitors system and control of the interleaved bi-directional converter to regulate the power-sharing in the hybrid energy storage system is presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Sekhar Raghu Raman & Ka-Wai (Eric) Cheng & Xiang-Dang Xue & Yat-Chi Fong & Simon Cheung, 2021. "Hybrid Energy Storage System with Vehicle Body Integrated Super-Capacitor and Li-Ion Battery: Model, Design and Implementation, for Distributed Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-22, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:20:p:6553-:d:654608
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Khaled Itani & Alexandre De Bernardinis, 2022. "Electrothermal Multicriteria Comparative Analysis of Two Competitive Powertrains Applied to a Two Front Wheel Driven Electric Vehicle during Extreme Regenerative Braking Operations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-27, November.
    2. Zhangyu Lu & Xizheng Zhang, 2022. "Composite Non-Linear Control of Hybrid Energy-Storage System in Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.
    3. Yuriy Bilan & Marcin Rabe & Katarzyna Widera, 2022. "Distributed Energy Resources: Operational Benefits," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-7, November.
    4. Vishnu P. Sidharthan & Yashwant Kashyap & Panagiotis Kosmopoulos, 2023. "Adaptive-Energy-Sharing-Based Energy Management Strategy of Hybrid Sources in Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-26, January.
    5. Chrispin Tumba Tshiani & Patrice Umenne, 2022. "The Characterization of the Electric Double-Layer Capacitor (EDLC) Using Python/MATLAB/Simulink (PMS)-Hybrid Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-14, July.

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