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Discontinuous Current Mode Modeling and Zero Current Switching of Flyback Converter

Author

Listed:
  • Rustam Kumar

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan)

  • Chih-Chiang Wu

    (Mechanical and Mechatronics Systems Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan)

  • Ching-Yao Liu

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan)

  • Yu-Lin Hsiao

    (Hsinchu Science Park Branch, Elite Advanced Laser Corporation, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan)

  • Wei-Hua Chieng

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan)

  • Edward-Yi Chang

    (Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan)

Abstract

The flyback converters are widely used in low power applications. The switch typically requires 600 V breakdown voltage in order to perform large step-down voltage. Thus, slight variation on the switch control can either permanently damage the switch or decrease the efficiency of the power conversion. In order to achieve higher power efficiency, the previous literature suggested operating the flyback converter in the discontinuous current mode (DCM). It is then required to understand the critical conditions of the DCM through analyzing the dynamic behavior and discontinuous current mechanism. This paper started from the current waveform analyses, proceeded to the derivation of zero current switching (ZCS) formulation, and finally reached the necessary conditions for the DCM. The entire DCM operation was divided into three phases that subsequently affect the result of the zero voltage switching (ZVS) and then to the ZCS. The experiment shows a power efficiency of over 96% when the output power is around 65 W. The switch used in this paper is a Gallium Nitride High-Electron-Mobility Transistor (GaN HEMT) that is advantageous at the high breakdown voltage up to 800 V. The important findings from the experiments include that the output power increases with the increasing input DC voltage and the duty cycle is rather linearly decreasing with the increasing switching frequency when both the zero voltage switching (ZVS) and ZCS conditions are satisfied simultaneously.

Suggested Citation

  • Rustam Kumar & Chih-Chiang Wu & Ching-Yao Liu & Yu-Lin Hsiao & Wei-Hua Chieng & Edward-Yi Chang, 2021. "Discontinuous Current Mode Modeling and Zero Current Switching of Flyback Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-23, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:18:p:5996-:d:639971
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matteo Meneghini & Oliver Hilt & Joachim Wuerfl & Gaudenzio Meneghesso, 2017. "Technology and Reliability of Normally-Off GaN HEMTs with p-Type Gate," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-15, January.
    2. Chih-Chiang Wu & Ching-Yao Liu & Sandeep Anand & Wei-Hua Chieng & Edward-Yi Chang & Arnab Sarkar, 2021. "Comparisons on Different Innovative Cascode GaN HEMT E-Mode Power Modules and Their Efficiencies on the Flyback Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-26, September.
    3. Li-Chuan Tang & Shyr-Long Jeng & Edward-Yi Chang & Wei-Hua Chieng, 2021. "Variable-Frequency Pulse Width Modulation Circuits for Resonant Wireless Power Transfer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-25, June.
    4. Surya Elangovan & Stone Cheng & Edward Yi Chang, 2020. "Reliability Characterization of Gallium Nitride MIS-HEMT Based Cascode Devices for Power Electronic Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-11, May.
    5. Jaeil Baek & Han-Shin Youn, 2020. "Full-Bridge Active-Clamp Forward-Flyback Converter with an Integrated Transformer for High-Performance and Low Cost Low-Voltage DC Converter of Vehicle Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, February.
    6. Seon-Jae Jeon & Dong-Wook Seo, 2019. "Coupling Coefficient Measurement Method with Simple Procedures Using a Two-Port Network Analyzer for a Multi-Coil WPT System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-10, October.
    7. Ching-Yao Liu & Guo-Bin Wang & Chih-Chiang Wu & Edward Yi Chang & Stone Cheng & Wei-Hua Chieng, 2021. "Derivation of the Resonance Mechanism for Wireless Power Transfer Using Class-E Amplifier," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-22, January.
    8. You-Chen Weng & Chih-Chiang Wu & Edward Yi Chang & Wei-Hua Chieng, 2021. "Minimum Power Input Control for Class-E Amplifier Using Depletion-Mode Gallium Nitride High Electron Mobility Transistor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-16, April.
    9. Mohammad Tahan & David O. Bamgboje & Tingshu Hu, 2021. "Compensated Single Input Multiple Output Flyback Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-23, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chih-Chiang Wu & Ching-Yao Liu & Sandeep Anand & Wei-Hua Chieng & Edward-Yi Chang & Arnab Sarkar, 2021. "Comparisons on Different Innovative Cascode GaN HEMT E-Mode Power Modules and Their Efficiencies on the Flyback Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-26, September.
    2. Yueh-Tsung Shieh & Ching-Yao Liu & Chih-Chiang Wu & Wei-Hua Chieng & Edward-Yi Chang, 2022. "Flyback Converter Using a D-Mode GaN HEMT Synchronous Rectifier," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Mohamed Derbeli & Cristian Napole & Oscar Barambones & Jesus Sanchez & Isidro Calvo & Pablo Fernández-Bustamante, 2021. "Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Panel: A Review and Experimental Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-31, November.
    4. Pingfan Xu & Xiaoyi Liu & Samson Shenglong Yu & Lisheng Pang, 2022. "ZVS Realization of H-Bridge Low-Voltage High-Current Converter via Phase-Shift and Saturable Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-11, December.
    5. Chia-Hsuan Wu & Guan-Rong Huang & Cheng-Chih Chou & Ching-Ming Lai & Liang-Rui Chen, 2021. "A Compensated Peak Current Mode Control PWM for Primary-Side Controlled Flyback Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-12, November.
    6. Ching-Yao Liu & Chih-Chiang Wu & Li-Chuan Tang & Yueh-Tsung Shieh & Wei-Hua Chieng & Edward-Yi Chang, 2023. "Resonant Mechanism for a Long-Distance Wireless Power Transfer Using Class E PA and GaN HEMT," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-21, April.
    7. Franciéli Lima de Sá & Domingo Ruiz-Caballero & Cleiton Dal’Agnol & William Rafhael da Silva & Samir Ahmad Mussa, 2023. "High Static Gain DC–DC Double Boost Quadratic Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-24, September.

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