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Comparison between Historical and Real-Time Techniques for Estimating Marginal Emissions Attributed to Electricity Generation

Author

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  • Amir Shahin Kamjou

    (Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA)

  • Carol J. Miller

    (Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA)

  • Mahdi Rouholamini

    (Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA)

  • Caisheng Wang

    (Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA)

Abstract

Electricity generation is tied to various environmental and social consequences. In prior studies, the environmental emissions associated with electricity generation were calculated using average emission factors (AEFs) whose use is different from the method of marginal emission factors (MEFs) in regard to the geographical redefinition and new policies applied to the US electricity grid in 2013. Moreover, the amount of emissions being released at a generation site depends on the technology of the generating units; it is important to take into account this factor as well. Thus, this paper provides comparisons between different historical and real-time approaches of estimating MEFs (i.e., CO 2 , SO 2 , and NOx) for the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO) electricity region. The region under study is the same for all the scenarios, although the comparative time frames are different. The study is focused on the similarities observed in the data trends and system behaviors. We carry out different temporal comparisons whose results show the value of real-time approaches for estimating the MEFs for each location and at any time. These approaches can be extended to other regions to assist with proper investment and policy making, thereby increasing the grid efficiency, mitigating the environmental emissions, and clarifying the byproducts of energy consumption.

Suggested Citation

  • Amir Shahin Kamjou & Carol J. Miller & Mahdi Rouholamini & Caisheng Wang, 2021. "Comparison between Historical and Real-Time Techniques for Estimating Marginal Emissions Attributed to Electricity Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:17:p:5261-:d:621474
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rogers, Michelle M. & Wang, Yang & Wang, Caisheng & McElmurry, Shawn P. & Miller, Carol J., 2013. "Evaluation of a rapid LMP-based approach for calculating marginal unit emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 812-820.
    2. Jennifer A. Burney, 2020. "The downstream air pollution impacts of the transition from coal to natural gas in the United States," Nature Sustainability, Nature, vol. 3(2), pages 152-160, February.
    3. Zohrabian, Angineh & Sanders, Kelly T., 2021. "Emitting less without curbing usage? Exploring greenhouse gas mitigation strategies in the water industry through load shifting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    4. Graff Zivin, Joshua S. & Kotchen, Matthew J. & Mansur, Erin T., 2014. "Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of marginal emissions: Implications for electric cars and other electricity-shifting policies," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 107(PA), pages 248-268.
    5. Wang, Y. & Wang, C. & Miller, C.J. & McElmurry, S.P. & Miller, S.S. & Rogers, M.M., 2014. "Locational marginal emissions: Analysis of pollutant emission reduction through spatial management of load distribution," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 141-150.
    6. Faria, Ricardo & Marques, Pedro & Moura, Pedro & Freire, Fausto & Delgado, Joaquim & de Almeida, Aníbal T., 2013. "Impact of the electricity mix and use profile in the life-cycle assessment of electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 271-287.
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    1. Dardan Klimenta & Marija Mihajlović & Ivan Ristić & Darius Andriukaitis, 2022. "Possible Scenarios for Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Serbia by Generating Electricity from Natural Gas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-33, June.

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