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Lessons from the Electric Vehicle Crashworthiness Leading to Battery Fire

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  • Pius Victor Chombo

    (The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
    Mobility & Vehicle Technology Research Center (MOVE), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand)

  • Yossapong Laoonual

    (Mobility & Vehicle Technology Research Center (MOVE), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand)

  • Somchai Wongwises

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
    National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand)

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are currently emerging as alternative vehicles due to their high energy efficiency and low emissions during driving. However, regarding the raising concern, the safety of EVs can further be improved before they completely replace conventional vehicles. This paper focuses on reviewing the safety requirements of EVs, especially those powered by Li-ion battery, based on the mechanical abuse tests from the international standards, national standards, regulations and other laboratories standards, and safety of occupants from the regulations and safety programs. Moreover, the publicly reported real-world fire incidents of EVs based on road crashes were collected and reviewed. The objective is to highlight the gap and challenges arose between the current safety requirements and real-world fire incidents of EVs and provide the way for assisting the future research in the area of EV safety, particularly light duty passenger vehicle. The serious challenges observed include high impact speed, multi-crashes per incident, multiple barriers of different types involved in the accident, and post-crash safety (serious injury and demise) of occupants and rescue teams. While addressing these challenges, this review will aid researchers and manufacturers working in batteries, EVs, and fire safety engineering to narrow the gap and enhance the safety of future EVs in areas of battery materials, fire extinguishing, and vehicle’s body structure.

Suggested Citation

  • Pius Victor Chombo & Yossapong Laoonual & Somchai Wongwises, 2021. "Lessons from the Electric Vehicle Crashworthiness Leading to Battery Fire," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-21, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:16:p:4802-:d:609962
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Lingxi Kong & Chuan Li & Jiuchun Jiang & Michael G. Pecht, 2018. "Li-Ion Battery Fire Hazards and Safety Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-11, August.
    6. Ruiz, V. & Pfrang, A. & Kriston, A. & Omar, N. & Van den Bossche, P. & Boon-Brett, L., 2018. "A review of international abuse testing standards and regulations for lithium ion batteries in electric and hybrid electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1427-1452.
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    Cited by:

    1. Charles Mohamed Hamisi & Pius Victor Chombo & Yossapong Laoonual & Somchai Wongwises, 2022. "An Electrothermal Model to Predict Thermal Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery under Overcharge Condition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Jerzy Jackowski & Paweł Posuniak & Karol Zielonka & Rafał Jurecki, 2023. "Experimental Testing of Energy-Absorbing Structures Used to Enhance the Crashworthiness of the Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-19, February.
    3. Md Junaed Al Hossain & Md. Zakir Hasan & Md Hasanuzzaman & Md. Ziaur Rahman Khan & Mohammad Ahsan Habib, 2022. "Affordable Electric Three-Wheeler in Bangladesh: Prospects, Challenges, and Sustainable Solutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-26, December.

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