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Performance Optimisation of Fuel Pellets Comprising Pepper Stem and Coffee Grounds through Mixing Ratios and Torrefaction

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  • Sunyong Park

    (Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

  • Hui-Rim Jeong

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-701, Korea)

  • Yun-A Shin

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-701, Korea)

  • Seok-Jun Kim

    (Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

  • Young-Min Ju

    (Division of Wood Chemistry, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Korea)

  • Kwang-Cheol Oh

    (Green Materials & Processes R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 55, Jongga-ro, Jung-gu, Ulsan 44413, Korea)

  • La-Hoon Cho

    (Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

  • DaeHyun Kim

    (Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea
    Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-701, Korea)

Abstract

Agricultural by-products have several disadvantages as fuel, such as low calorific values and high ash contents. To address these disadvantages, this study examined the mixing of agricultural by-products and spent coffee grounds, for use as a solid fuel, and the improvement of fuel characteristics through torrefaction. Pepper stems and spent coffee grounds were first dried to moisture contents of <15% and then combined, with mixing ratios varying from 9:1 to 6:4. Fuel pellets were produced from these mixtures using a commercial pelletiser, evaluated against various standards, and classified as grade A, B, or Bio-SRF. The optimal ratio of pepper stems to spent coffee grounds was determined to be 8:2. The pellets were torrefied to improve their fuel characteristics. Different torrefaction temperatures improved the mass yields of the pellets to between 50.87% and 88.27%. The calorific value increased from 19.9% to 26.8% at 290 °C. The optimal torrefaction temperature for coffee ground pellets was 230 °C, while for other pellets, it was 250 °C. This study provides basic information on the potential enhancement of agricultural by-products for fuel applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Sunyong Park & Hui-Rim Jeong & Yun-A Shin & Seok-Jun Kim & Young-Min Ju & Kwang-Cheol Oh & La-Hoon Cho & DaeHyun Kim, 2021. "Performance Optimisation of Fuel Pellets Comprising Pepper Stem and Coffee Grounds through Mixing Ratios and Torrefaction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:15:p:4667-:d:606595
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Park, Sunyong & Kim, Seok Jun & Oh, Kwang Cheol & Cho, Lahoon & Kim, Min Jun & Jeong, In Seon & Lee, Chung Geon & Kim, DaeHyun, 2020. "Investigation of agro-byproduct pellet properties and improvement in pellet quality through mixing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    2. Sunyong Park & Seok Jun Kim & Kwang Cheol Oh & La Hoon Cho & Min Jun Kim & In Seon Jeong & Chung Geon Lee & Dae Hyun Kim, 2020. "Characteristic Analysis of Torrefied Pellets: Determining Optimal Torrefaction Conditions for Agri-Byproduct," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-14, January.
    3. Duk-Gam Woo & Sang Hyeon Kim & Tae Han Kim, 2021. "Solid Fuel Characteristics of Pellets Comprising Spent Coffee Grounds and Wood Powder," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-17, January.
    4. Liu, Zhijia & Liu, Xing'e & Fei, Benhua & Jiang, Zehui & Cai, Zhiyong & Yu, Yan, 2013. "The properties of pellets from mixing bamboo and rice straw," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 1-5.
    5. Samuelsson, Robert & Larsson, Sylvia H. & Thyrel, Mikael & Lestander, Torbjörn A., 2012. "Moisture content and storage time influence the binding mechanisms in biofuel wood pellets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 109-115.
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    Cited by:

    1. Antonios Nazos & Dorothea Politi & Georgios Giakoumakis & Dimitrios Sidiras, 2022. "Simulation and Optimization of Lignocellulosic Biomass Wet- and Dry-Torrefaction Process for Energy, Fuels and Materials Production: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-35, November.
    2. Lorenzo Bartolucci & Stefano Cordiner & Emanuele De Maina & Vincenzo Mulone, 2022. "Data-Driven Optimal Design of a CHP Plant for a Hospital Building: Highlights on the Role of Biogas and Energy Storages on the Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, January.

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