IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v283y2023ics0360544223019424.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Acid and alkali pretreatment of agro by-products: Evaluating torrefaction efficiency and dechlorination

Author

Listed:
  • Park, Sunyong
  • Kim, Seok Jun
  • Oh, Kwang Cheol
  • Cho, Lahoon
  • Jeon, Young Kwang
  • Kim, Dae Hyun

Abstract

Utilisation of crop residues is limited due to their low energy and high ash content. This study aimed to develop a method for enabling the use of residual agricultural biomass through acid or alkali pretreatment followed by torrefaction. Pepper stems were treated with hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide for a brief period of time and rinsed with distilled water. Untreated and acid-pretreated samples had cellulose contents of 43.85% and 36.57%, respectively. The lignin content in the alkali-pretreated samples (22.74%) was lower than that in untreated samples (27.40%). Mass yield decreased with torrefaction temperature, ranging from 86.19% to 49.89%. However, alkali-treated samples showed smaller changes in mass yield (70.31–60.43%) than other samples. Regarding calorific value, untreated samples exhibited the highest increase (26.37%), whereas alkali-treated samples showed a modest increase of 10.62%. Chlorine content was higher in acid-compared with alkali-treated samples but decreased with temperature. Our study demonstrated that agricultural by-products can be used as energy sources through acid or alkali pretreatment prior to torrefaction. Future studies should explore a variety of agricultural by-products and consider pretreatment with different acids or alkalis, such as sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide.

Suggested Citation

  • Park, Sunyong & Kim, Seok Jun & Oh, Kwang Cheol & Cho, Lahoon & Jeon, Young Kwang & Kim, Dae Hyun, 2023. "Acid and alkali pretreatment of agro by-products: Evaluating torrefaction efficiency and dechlorination," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:283:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223019424
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.128548
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544223019424
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2023.128548?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Park, Sunyong & Kim, Seok Jun & Oh, Kwang Cheol & Cho, Lahoon & Kim, Min Jun & Jeong, In Seon & Lee, Chung Geon & Kim, DaeHyun, 2020. "Investigation of agro-byproduct pellet properties and improvement in pellet quality through mixing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    2. Sun Yong Park & Kwang Cheol Oh & Seok Jun Kim & La Hoon Cho & Young Kwang Jeon & DaeHyun Kim, 2023. "Development of a Biomass Component Prediction Model Based on Elemental and Proximate Analyses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Kim, Seok Jun & Park, Sunyong & Oh, Kwang Cheol & Ju, Young Min & Cho, La hoon & Kim, Dae Hyun, 2021. "Development of surface torrefaction process to utilize agro-byproducts as an energy source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    4. Zhang, Shuping & Su, Yinhai & Xu, Dan & Zhu, Shuguang & Zhang, Houlei & Liu, Xinzhi, 2018. "Effects of torrefaction and organic-acid leaching pretreatment on the pyrolysis behavior of rice husk," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 804-813.
    5. Wigley, Tansy & Yip, Alex C.K. & Pang, Shusheng, 2016. "Pretreating biomass via demineralisation and torrefaction to improve the quality of crude pyrolysis oil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 481-494.
    6. Sunyong Park & Seok Jun Kim & Kwang Cheol Oh & La Hoon Cho & Min Jun Kim & In Seon Jeong & Chung Geon Lee & Dae Hyun Kim, 2020. "Characteristic Analysis of Torrefied Pellets: Determining Optimal Torrefaction Conditions for Agri-Byproduct," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-14, January.
    7. Chen, Yun-Chun & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Lin, Bo-Jhih & Chang, Jo-Shu & Ong, Hwai Chyuan, 2016. "Impact of torrefaction on the composition, structure and reactivity of a microalga residue," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 110-119.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sunyong Park & Hui-Rim Jeong & Yun-A Shin & Seok-Jun Kim & Young-Min Ju & Kwang-Cheol Oh & La-Hoon Cho & DaeHyun Kim, 2021. "Performance Optimisation of Fuel Pellets Comprising Pepper Stem and Coffee Grounds through Mixing Ratios and Torrefaction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Huan Li & Huawei Mou & Nan Zhao & Yaohong Yu & Quan Hong & Mperejekumana Philbert & Yuguang Zhou & Hossein Beidaghy Dizaji & Renjie Dong, 2021. "Nitrogen Migration during Pyrolysis of Raw and Acid Leached Maize Straw," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Zhang, Congyu & Yang, Wu & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Ho, Shih-Hsin & Pétrissans, Anelie & Pétrissans, Mathieu, 2022. "Effect of torrefaction on the structure and reactivity of rice straw as well as life cycle assessment of torrefaction process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    4. Mohd Safaai, Nor Sharliza & Pang, Shusheng, 2021. "Pyrolysis kinetics of chemically treated and torrefied radiata pine identified through thermogravimetric analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 200-213.
    5. Kumar, R. & Strezov, V. & Weldekidan, H. & He, J. & Singh, S. & Kan, T. & Dastjerdi, B., 2020. "Lignocellulose biomass pyrolysis for bio-oil production: A review of biomass pre-treatment methods for production of drop-in fuels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    6. Su, Yinhai & Zhang, Shuping & Liu, Lingqin & Xu, Dan & Qi, Penggang & Xiong, Yuanquan, 2020. "Combination of acid washing and torrefaction on Co-production of syngas and phenoli-riched bio-oil via low-temperature catalytic pyrolysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    7. Abdulyekeen, Kabir Abogunde & Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan & Patah, Muhamad Fazly Abdul, 2024. "Torrefaction of wood and garden wastes from municipal solid waste to enhanced solid fuel using helical screw rotation-induced fluidised bed reactor: Effect of particle size, helical screw speed and te," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    8. Javed, Muhammad Amir, 2020. "Acid treatment effecting the physiochemical structure and thermal degradation of biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 444-450.
    9. Cao, Bin & Wang, Shuang & Hu, Yamin & Abomohra, Abd El-Fatah & Qian, Lili & He, Zhixia & Wang, Qian & Uzoejinwa, Benjamin Bernard & Esakkimuthu, Sivakumar, 2019. "Effect of washing with diluted acids on Enteromorpha clathrata pyrolysis products: Towards enhanced bio-oil from seaweeds," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 29-38.
    10. Nawaz, Ahmad & Kumar, Pradeep, 2022. "Elucidating the bioenergy potential of raw, hydrothermally carbonized and torrefied waste Arundo donax biomass in terms of physicochemical characterization, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 844-856.
    11. Zhang, Shuping & Su, Yinhai & Xu, Dan & Zhu, Shuguang & Zhang, Houlei & Liu, Xinzhi, 2018. "Effects of torrefaction and organic-acid leaching pretreatment on the pyrolysis behavior of rice husk," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 804-813.
    12. Parascanu, M.M. & Sandoval-Salas, F. & Soreanu, G. & Valverde, J.L. & Sanchez-Silva, L., 2017. "Valorization of Mexican biomasses through pyrolysis, combustion and gasification processes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 509-522.
    13. Grzegorz Maj & Paweł Krzaczek & Wojciech Gołębiowski & Tomasz Słowik & Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz & Grzegorz Zając, 2022. "Energy Consumption and Quality of Pellets Made of Waste from Corn Grain Drying Process," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-15, July.
    14. Hao Luo & Lukasz Niedzwiecki & Amit Arora & Krzysztof Mościcki & Halina Pawlak-Kruczek & Krystian Krochmalny & Marcin Baranowski & Mayank Tiwari & Anshul Sharma & Tanuj Sharma & Zhimin Lu, 2020. "Influence of Torrefaction and Pelletizing of Sawdust on the Design Parameters of a Fixed Bed Gasifier," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, June.
    15. Javier Fermoso & Patricia Pizarro & Juan M. Coronado & David P. Serrano, 2017. "Advanced biofuels production by upgrading of pyrolysis bio‐oil," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 6(4), July.
    16. Li, Jingjing & Dou, Binlin & Zhang, Hua & Zhang, Hao & Chen, Haisheng & Xu, Yujie & Wu, Chunfei, 2021. "Pyrolysis characteristics and non-isothermal kinetics of waste wood biomass," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    17. Safar, Michal & Lin, Bo-Jhih & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Langauer, David & Chang, Jo-Shu & Raclavska, H. & Pétrissans, Anélie & Rousset, Patrick & Pétrissans, Mathieu, 2019. "Catalytic effects of potassium on biomass pyrolysis, combustion and torrefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 346-355.
    18. Gao, Qi & Ni, Liangmeng & He, Yuyu & Hou, Yanmei & Hu, Wanhe & Liu, Zhijia, 2022. "Effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on deashing and pyrolysis characteristics of bamboo shoot shells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    19. Jagadale, Manisha & Gangil, Sandip & Jadhav, Mahesh, 2023. "Enhancing fuel characteristics of jute sticks (Corchorus Sp.) using fixed bed torrefaction process," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    20. Huang, Yu-Fong & Cheng, Pei-Hsin & Chiueh, Pei-Te & Lo, Shang-Lien, 2017. "Leucaena biochar produced by microwave torrefaction: Fuel properties and energy efficiency," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 1018-1025.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:283:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223019424. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.