IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i14p4177-d592072.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Effect of Using Social Media in the Modern Marketing Communication on the Shaping an External Employer’s Image

Author

Listed:
  • Agnieszka Izabela Baruk

    (Department of Management Systems and Innovation, Faculty of Management and Production Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Grzegorz Wesołowski

    (Department of Organizational Personnel Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland)

Abstract

The aim of this article was to determine the significance of modern marketing communication channels used in the process of shaping the external image of an enterprise as an employer. An analysis of the world literature on marketing, management, marketing communication and human resource management was used to prepare the theoretical part. The results of the analysis indicate a cognitive and research gap regarding the use of modern communication channels for building the external image of an enterprise in the role of an employer. In order to reduce the gap, empirical studies were conducted among young Polish potential employees, in which the survey method was used to gather primary data. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis, during which the following methods and statistical tests were applied: the analysis of average values, exploratory factor analysis, Kruskal–Wallis test (KW), Pearson chi-square independence test and V-Cramer coefficient analysis. The results of the analyses conducted indicate, inter alia, that statistically significant diversity was identified in the case of non-professional media in terms of respondents’ opinions on whether the employer’s image created by modern media is better than the employer’s image created on the basis of classical marketing communication channels. In the case of professional and non-professional media, the age of the respondents was not a differentiating feature. Moreover, neither for professional media nor for non-professional media were statistically significant dependencies identified between respondents’ opinions on the impact of actions undertaken by enterprises on shaping their positive external image as an employer and respondents’ opinions on whether the employer’s image created on the basis of modern marketing communication channels is more beneficial than the employer’s image created on the basis of classical marketing communication channels. The results obtained on the basis of the research have a cognitive and applicability value, characterized by originality. Until now, the importance of using modern marketing communication channels in shaping the employer’s external image has not been analysed. This also applies to enterprises operating on the energy market.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnieszka Izabela Baruk & Grzegorz Wesołowski, 2021. "The Effect of Using Social Media in the Modern Marketing Communication on the Shaping an External Employer’s Image," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-23, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:14:p:4177-:d:592072
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/14/4177/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/14/4177/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Watson, George F. & Worm, Stefan & Palmatier, Robert W. & Ganesan, Shankar, 2015. "The Evolution of Marketing Channels: Trends and Research Directions," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 91(4), pages 546-568.
    2. Wang, Zhan & Kim, Hyun Gon, 2017. "Can Social Media Marketing Improve Customer Relationship Capabilities and Firm Performance? Dynamic Capability Perspective," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 15-26.
    3. Bizzi, Lorenzo, 2018. "The hidden problem of Facebook and social media at work: What if employees start searching for other jobs?," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 23-33.
    4. Sestino, Andrea & Prete, Maria Irene & Piper, Luigi & Guido, Gianluigi, 2020. "Internet of Things and Big Data as enablers for business digitalization strategies," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    5. Jed Hallam, 2013. "The Social Media Manifesto," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-1-137-27142-6, October.
    6. Kannan, P.K. & Li, Hongshuang “Alice”, 2017. "Digital marketing: A framework, review and research agenda," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 22-45.
    7. Kim, Kyung Hoon & Jeon, Byung Joo & Jung, Hong Seob & Lu, Wei & Jones, Joseph, 2012. "Effective employment brand equity through sustainable competitive advantage, marketing strategy, and corporate image," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 65(11), pages 1612-1617.
    8. Winer, Russell S., 2009. "New Communications Approaches in Marketing: Issues and Research Directions," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 108-117.
    9. Margherita Corniani, 2006. "Digital Marketing Communication," Symphonya. Emerging Issues in Management, Niccolò Cusano University, issue 2 Communi.
    10. Pitt, Christine S. & Botha, Elsamari & Ferreira, João J. & Kietzmann, Jan, 2018. "Employee brand engagement on social media: Managing optimism and commonality," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 61(4), pages 635-642.
    11. Dabirian, Amir & Kietzmann, Jan & Diba, Hoda, 2017. "A great place to work!? Understanding crowdsourced employer branding," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 60(2), pages 197-205.
    12. Kawaljeet Kaur Kapoor & Kuttimani Tamilmani & Nripendra P. Rana & Pushp Patil & Yogesh K. Dwivedi & Sridhar Nerur, 2018. "Advances in Social Media Research: Past, Present and Future," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 531-558, June.
    13. Kaplan, Andreas M. & Haenlein, Michael, 2010. "Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 59-68, January.
    14. Halbast Hussein Hamadamin & Tarik Atan, 2019. "The Impact of Strategic Human Resource Management Practices on Competitive Advantage Sustainability: The Mediation of Human Capital Development and Employee Commitment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-19, October.
    15. Petya Puncheva-Michelotti & Sarah Hudson & Gewen Jin, 2018. "Employer branding and CSR communication in online recruitment advertising," Post-Print hal-01992543, HAL.
    16. Felix, Reto & Rauschnabel, Philipp A. & Hinsch, Chris, 2017. "Elements of strategic social media marketing: A holistic framework," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 118-126.
    17. Dziallas, Marisa & Blind, Knut, 2019. "Innovation indicators throughout the innovation process: An extensive literature analysis," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 80, pages 3-29.
    18. Yurii Vasilev & Alexey Cherepovitsyn & Anna Tsvetkova & Nadejda Komendantova, 2021. "Promoting Public Awareness of Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies in the Russian Federation: A System of Educational Activities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-14, March.
    19. Tiago, Maria Teresa Pinheiro Melo Borges & Veríssimo, José Manuel Cristóvão, 2014. "Digital marketing and social media: Why bother?," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 57(6), pages 703-708.
    20. Puncheva-Michelotti, Petya & Hudson, Sarah & Jin, Gewen, 2018. "Employer branding and CSR communication in online recruitment advertising," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 61(4), pages 643-651.
    21. Kaplan, Andreas M., 2012. "If you love something, let it go mobile: Mobile marketing and mobile social media 4x4," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 55(2), pages 129-139.
    22. Mölk, Andreas & Auer, Manfred, 2018. "Designing brands and managing organizational politics: A qualitative case study of employer brand creation," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 485-496.
    23. Key, Thomas Martin & Czaplewski, Andrew J., 2017. "Upstream social marketing strategy: An integrated marketing communications approach," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 60(3), pages 325-333.
    24. Bruno Schivinski & Dariusz Dabrowski, 2013. "The Effect Of Social-Media Communication On Consumer Perceptions Of Brands," GUT FME Working Paper Series A 12, Faculty of Management and Economics, Gdansk University of Technology.
    25. O’Connor, Kimberly W. & Schmidt, Gordon B. & Drouin, Michelle, 2016. "Helping workers understand and follow social media policies," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 59(2), pages 205-211.
    26. Istvan Ervin Haber & Mate Toth & Robert Hajdu & Kinga Haber & Gabor Pinter, 2021. "Exploring Public Opinions on Renewable Energy by Using Conventional Methods and Social Media Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-13, May.
    27. Mangold, W. Glynn & Miles, Sandra Jeanquart, 2007. "The employee brand: Is yours an all-star?," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 50(5), pages 423-433.
    28. Zhu, Yu-Qian & Chen, Houn-Gee, 2015. "Social media and human need satisfaction: Implications for social media marketing," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 58(3), pages 335-345.
    29. Kietzmann, Jan H. & Hermkens, Kristopher & McCarthy, Ian P. & Silvestre, Bruno S., 2011. "Social media? Get serious! Understanding the functional building blocks of social media," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 54(3), pages 241-251, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sara Mohamed Abdelaziz El-Menawy & Pancie Salah Saleh, 2023. "How does the mediating role of the use of social media platforms foster the relationship between employer attractiveness and generation Z intentions to apply for a job?," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-13, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tiwary, Nishant Kumar & Kumar, Rishi Kant & Sarraf, Shagun & Kumar, Prashant & Rana, Nripendra P., 2021. "Impact assessment of social media usage in B2B marketing: A review of the literature and a way forward," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 121-139.
    2. Korzynski, Pawel & Mazurek, Grzegorz & Haenlein, Michael, 2020. "Leveraging employees as spokespeople in your HR strategy: How company-related employee posts on social media can help firms to attract new talent," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 204-212.
    3. Liu, Zhenyuan & Geng, Ruoqi & Tse, Ying Kei (Mike) & Han, Shuihua, 2023. "Mapping the relationship between social media usage and organizational performance: A meta-analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    4. Dolega, Les & Rowe, Francisco & Branagan, Emma, 2021. "Going digital? The impact of social media marketing on retail website traffic, orders and sales," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    5. Perez-Vega, Rodrigo & Hopkinson, Paul & Singhal, Aishwarya & Mariani, Marcello M., 2022. "From CRM to social CRM: A bibliometric review and research agenda for consumer research," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 1-16.
    6. Georgios Polydoros, 2022. "Digital Marketing Techniques and Tools in Covid-19 era," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 6(11), pages 86-91, November.
    7. Sheng, Jie, 2019. "Being Active in Online Communications: Firm Responsiveness and Customer Engagement Behaviour," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 40-51.
    8. Yong Wang & Shamim Chowdhury Ahmed & Shejun Deng & Haizhong Wang, 2019. "Success of Social Media Marketing Efforts in Retaining Sustainable Online Consumers: An Empirical Analysis on the Online Fashion Retail Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-27, June.
    9. Asare Evans Kwabena & Kaodui Li & Osei-Assibey Mandella Bonsu & Obeng Belinda Faamaa & Baah Alexander, 2020. "Effects of Social Media on Firm Performance and Customer Relations-Evidence from Ghana," Business and Economic Research, Macrothink Institute, vol. 10(1), pages 101-111, March.
    10. Foltean, Florin Sabin & Trif, Simona Mihaela & Tuleu, Daniela Liliana, 2019. "Customer relationship management capabilities and social media technology use: Consequences on firm performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 563-575.
    11. Martín-Rojas, Rodrigo & García-Morales, Victor J. & Garrido-Moreno, Aurora & Salmador-Sánchez, Maria Paz, 2021. "Social Media Use and the Challenge of Complexity: Evidence from the Technology Sector," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 621-640.
    12. Matea Matic Sosic, 2019. "Examining Social Media Usage In The Context Of Consumer Behaviour," Economic Thought and Practice, Department of Economics and Business, University of Dubrovnik, vol. 28(2), pages 553-566, december.
    13. Shakeel ul Rehman & Rafia Gulzar & Wajeeha Aslam, 2022. "Developing the Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) through Social Media (SM): The Modern Marketing Communication Approach," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, May.
    14. Rebeca Soler-Costa & Pablo Lafarga-Ostáriz & Marta Mauri-Medrano & Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero, 2021. "Netiquette: Ethic, Education, and Behavior on Internet—A Systematic Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-15, January.
    15. Jacobson, Jenna & Gruzd, Anatoliy & Hernández-García, à ngel, 2020. "Social media marketing: Who is watching the watchers?," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    16. Arora, Anuja & Bansal, Shivam & Kandpal, Chandrashekhar & Aswani, Reema & Dwivedi, Yogesh, 2019. "Measuring social media influencer index- insights from facebook, Twitter and Instagram," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 86-101.
    17. Mohammad Furqan Khan & Anisa Jan, 2019. "A Measure of Social Media Marketing: Scale Development and Validation," Jindal Journal of Business Research, , vol. 8(2), pages 158-168, December.
    18. Muninger, Marie-Isabelle & Hammedi, Wafa & Mahr, Dominik, 2019. "The value of social media for innovation: A capability perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 116-127.
    19. Abdulla H. Fetais & Raed S. Algharabat & Abdullah Aljafari & Nripendra P. Rana, 2023. "Do Social Media Marketing Activities Improve Brand Loyalty? An Empirical Study on Luxury Fashion Brands," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 795-817, April.
    20. Diletta Acuti & Laura Grazzini & Valentina Mazzoli & Gaetano Aiello, 2019. "Stakeholder engagement in green place branding: A focus on user‐generated content," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(2), pages 492-501, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:14:p:4177-:d:592072. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.