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Rehydrogenation of Sodium Borates to Close the NaBH 4 -H 2 Cycle: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Helder X. Nunes

    (Transport Phenomena Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Diogo L. Silva

    (Transport Phenomena Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Carmen M. Rangel

    (National Laboratory of Energy and Geology, Estrada da Portela, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Alexandra M. F. R. Pinto

    (Transport Phenomena Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

Abstract

In 2007, the US Department of Energy recommended a no-go on NaBH 4 hydrolysis for onboard applications; however, the concept of a NaBH 4 -H 2 -PEMFC system has the potential to become a primary source for on-demand power supply. Despite the many efforts to study this technology, most of the published papers focus on catalytic performance. Nevertheless, the development of a practical reaction system to close the NaBH 4 -H 2 cycle remains a critical issue. Therefore, this work provides an overview of the research progress on the solutions for the by-product rehydrogenation leading to the regeneration of NaBH 4 with economic potential. It is the first to compare and analyze the main types of processes to regenerate NaBH 4 : thermo-, mechano-, and electrochemical. Moreover, it considers the report by Demirci et al. on the main by-product of sodium borohydride hydrolysis. The published literature already reported efficient NaBH 4 regeneration; however, the processes still need more improvements. Moreover, it is noteworthy that a transition to clean methods, through the years, was observed.

Suggested Citation

  • Helder X. Nunes & Diogo L. Silva & Carmen M. Rangel & Alexandra M. F. R. Pinto, 2021. "Rehydrogenation of Sodium Borates to Close the NaBH 4 -H 2 Cycle: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-28, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:12:p:3567-:d:575512
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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