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Characterization of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil from Hardwood and Softwood Lignin

Author

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  • Zahra Echresh Zadeh

    (School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK)

  • Ali Abdulkhani

    (Department of Wood and Paper Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 1417466191, Iran)

  • Basudeb Saha

    (School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK)

Abstract

The depletion of fossil fuel reserves and the increase of greenhouse gases (GHG) emission have led to moving towards alternative, renewable, and sustainable energy sources. Lignin is one of the significant, renewable and sustainable energy sources of biomass and pyrolysis is one of the most promising technologies that can convert lignocellulosic biomass to bio-oil. This study focuses on the production and characterization of bio-oil from hardwood and softwood lignin via pyrolysis process using a bench-scale batch reactor. In this study, a mixed solvent extraction method with different polarities was developed to fractionate different components of bio-crude oil into three fractions. The obtained fractions were characterized by using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GCMS). The calculated bio-oil yields from Sigma Kraft lignin and Chouka Kraft lignin were about 30.2% and 24.4%, respectively. The organic solvents, e.g., toluene, methanol, and water were evaluated for chemical extraction from bio-oil, and it was found that the efficiency of solvents is as follows: water > methanol > toluene. In both types of the bio-oil samples, phenolic compounds were found to be the most abundant chemical groups which include phenol, 2-methoxy, 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol and phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy that is due to the structure and the originality of lignin, which is composed of phenyl propane units with one or two methoxy groups (O-CH 3 ) on the aromatic ring.

Suggested Citation

  • Zahra Echresh Zadeh & Ali Abdulkhani & Basudeb Saha, 2020. "Characterization of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil from Hardwood and Softwood Lignin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:887-:d:321606
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Echresh Zadeh, Zahra & Abdulkhani, Ali & Saha, Basudeb, 2021. "A comparative production and characterisation of fast pyrolysis bio-oil from Populus and Spruce woods," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    2. Hilde Vik Halleraker & Konstantinos Kalogiannis & Angelos Lappas & Rafael C. A. Castro & Ines C. Roberto & Solange I. Mussatto & Tanja Barth, 2022. "The Consistency of Yields and Chemical Composition of HTL Bio-Oils from Lignins Produced by Different Preprocessing Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, June.
    3. Lorenzo Bartolucci & Enrico Bocci & Stefano Cordiner & Emanuele De Maina & Francesco Lombardi & Vera Marcantonio & Pietro Mele & Vincenzo Mulone & Davide Sorino, 2023. "Biomass Polygeneration System for the Thermal Conversion of Softwood Waste into Hydrogen and Drop-In Biofuels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-15, January.
    4. Mustapha Danladi Ibrahim & Yousif Abdalla Abakr & Suyin Gan & Lai Yee Lee & Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, 2022. "Intermediate Pyrolysis of Bambara Groundnut Shell (BGS) in Various Inert Gases (N 2 , CO 2 , and N 2 /CO 2 )," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-16, November.
    5. Ali Abdulkhani & Zahra Echresh Zadeh & Solomon Gajere Bawa & Fubao Sun & Meysam Madadi & Xueming Zhang & Basudeb Saha, 2023. "Comparative Production of Bio-Oil from In Situ Catalytic Upgrading of Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-19, March.

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