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Experimental Study of the Summation of Flicker Caused by Wind Turbines

Author

Listed:
  • Koldo Redondo

    (Department of Communications Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain)

  • José Julio Gutiérrez

    (Department of Communications Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain)

  • Izaskun Azcarate

    (Department of Communications Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain)

  • Purificación Saiz

    (Department of Communications Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain)

  • Luis Alberto Leturiondo

    (Department of Communications Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain)

  • Sofía Ruiz de Gauna

    (Department of Communications Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain)

Abstract

Integration of wind energy into the grid faces a great challenge regarding power quality. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61400-21 standard defines the electrical characteristics that need to be assessed in a Wind Turbine (WT), as well as the procedure to measure the disturbances produced by the WT. One of the parameters to be assessed are voltage fluctuations or flicker. To estimate the flicker emission of a Wind Power Plant (WPP), the standard establishes that a quadratic exponent should be used in the summation of the flicker emission of each WT. This exponent was selected based on studies carried out in WPPs with type I and II WTs. Advances in wind turbine technology have reduced their flicker emission, mainly thanks to the implementation of power electronics for the partial or total management of the power injected into the grid. This work is based on measurements from a WPP with 16 type III WTs. The flicker emission of a single WT and of the WPP were calculated. Low flicker emission values at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) of the WPP were obtained. The flicker estimation at the PCC, based on the measurement from a single WT, was analyzed using different exponents. The results show that a cubic summation performs better than the quadratic one in the estimation of the flicker emission of a WPP with type III WTs.

Suggested Citation

  • Koldo Redondo & José Julio Gutiérrez & Izaskun Azcarate & Purificación Saiz & Luis Alberto Leturiondo & Sofía Ruiz de Gauna, 2019. "Experimental Study of the Summation of Flicker Caused by Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:12:p:2404-:d:242141
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ukashatu Abubakar & Saad Mekhilef & Hazlie Mokhlis & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Ben Horan & Alex Stojcevski & Hussain Bassi & Muhyaddin Jamal Hosin Rawa, 2018. "Transient Faults in Wind Energy Conversion Systems: Analysis, Modelling Methodologies and Remedies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-33, August.
    2. Héctor García & Juan Segundo & Osvaldo Rodríguez-Hernández & Rafael Campos-Amezcua & Oscar Jaramillo, 2018. "Harmonic Modelling of the Wind Turbine Induction Generator for Dynamic Analysis of Power Quality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, January.
    3. Takwa Sellami & Hanen Berriri & Sana Jelassi & A Moumen Darcherif & M Faouzi Mimouni, 2017. "Short-Circuit Fault Tolerant Control of a Wind Turbine Driven Induction Generator Based on Sliding Mode Observers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-21, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Junji Kondoh & Daisuke Kodaira, 2021. "An Evaluation of Flicker Emissions from Small Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Haitao Gao & Peng Xu & Jin Tao & Shihui Huang & Rugang Wang & Quan Zhou, 2020. "Voltage Flicker Detection Based on Probability Resampling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-12, June.
    3. Chau-Shing Wang & Wen-Ren Yang & Yi-Cheng Hsu, 2021. "Enhancement of the Flickermeter for Grid-Connected Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-12, September.

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