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CFD-Driven Valve Shape Optimization for Performance Improvement of a Micro Cross-Flow Turbine

Author

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  • Endashaw Tesfaye Woldemariam

    (Department of Mechanical and Structural Engineering and Materials Science, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway)

  • Hirpa G. Lemu

    (Department of Mechanical and Structural Engineering and Materials Science, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway)

  • G. Gary Wang

    (School of Mechatronics System Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC V5A 1S6, Canada)

Abstract

Turbines are critical parts in hydropower facilities, and the cross-flow turbine is one of the widely applied turbine designs in small- and micro-hydro facilities. Cross-flow turbines are relatively simple, flexible and less expensive, compared to other conventional hydro-turbines. However, the power generation efficiency of cross-flow turbines is not yet well optimized compared to conventional hydro-turbines. In this article, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-driven design optimization approach is applied to one of the critical parts of the turbine, the valve. The valve controls the fluid flow, as well as determines the velocity and pressure magnitudes of the fluid jet leaving the nozzle region in the turbine. The Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) function is employed to generate construction points for the valve profile curve. Control points from the function that are highly sensitive to the output power are selected as optimization parameters, leading to the generation of construction points. Metamodel-assisted and metaheuristic optimization tools are used in the optimization. Optimized turbine designs from both optimization methods outperformed the original design with regard to performance of the turbine. Moreover, the metamodel-assisted optimization approach reduced the computational cost, compared to its counterpart.

Suggested Citation

  • Endashaw Tesfaye Woldemariam & Hirpa G. Lemu & G. Gary Wang, 2018. "CFD-Driven Valve Shape Optimization for Performance Improvement of a Micro Cross-Flow Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:248-:d:127859
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Zanette, J. & Imbault, D. & Tourabi, A., 2010. "A design methodology for cross flow water turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 997-1009.
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    1. Chitrakar, Sailesh & Solemslie, Bjørn Winther & Neopane, Hari Prasad & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar, 2020. "Review on numerical techniques applied in impulse hydro turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 843-859.
    2. Edward Lisowski & Grzegorz Filo & Janusz Rajda, 2022. "Analysis of Energy Loss on a Tunable Check Valve through the Numerical Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Grzegorz Filo & Edward Lisowski & Janusz Rajda, 2020. "Pressure Loss Reduction in an Innovative Directional Poppet Control Valve," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Eva Bílková & Jiří Souček & Martin Kantor & Roman Kubíček & Petr Nowak, 2023. "Variable-Speed Propeller Turbine for Small Hydropower Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-14, April.
    5. Grzegorz Filo & Edward Lisowski & Janusz Rajda, 2021. "Design and Flow Analysis of an Adjustable Check Valve by Means of CFD Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-14, April.
    6. Mehr, Goodarz & Durali, Mohammad & Khakrand, Mohammad Hadi & Hoghooghi, Hadi, 2021. "A novel design and performance optimization methodology for hydraulic Cross-Flow turbines using successive numerical simulations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1402-1421.

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