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A New Method for Computing the Delay Margin for the Stability of Load Frequency Control Systems

Author

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  • Ashraf Khalil

    (Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam)

  • Ang Swee Peng

    (Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam)

Abstract

Open communication is an exigent need for future power systems, where time delay is unavoidable. In order to secure the stability of the grid, the frequency must remain within its limited range which is achieved through the load frequency control. Load frequency control signals are transmitted through communication networks which induce time delays that could destabilize power systems. So, in order to guarantee stability, the delay margin should be computed. In this paper, we present a new method for calculating the delay margin in load frequency control systems. The transcendental time delay characteristics equation is transformed into a frequency dependent equation. The spectral radius was used to find the frequencies at which the root crosses the imaginary axis. The crossing frequencies were determined through the sweeping test and the binary iteration algorithm. A one-area load frequency control system was chosen as a case study. The effectiveness of the proposed method was proven through comparison with the most recent published methods. The method shows its merit with less conservativeness and less computations. The impact of the proportional integral (PI) controller gains on the delay margin was investigated. It was found that increasing the PI controller gains reduces the delay margin.

Suggested Citation

  • Ashraf Khalil & Ang Swee Peng, 2018. "A New Method for Computing the Delay Margin for the Stability of Load Frequency Control Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:12:p:3460-:d:189554
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pandey, Shashi Kant & Mohanty, Soumya R. & Kishor, Nand, 2013. "A literature survey on load–frequency control for conventional and distribution generation power systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 318-334.
    2. Jia, Hongjie & Li, Xiaomeng & Mu, Yunfei & Xu, Chen & Jiang, Yilang & Yu, Xiaodan & Wu, Jianzhong & Dong, Chaoyu, 2018. "Coordinated control for EV aggregators and power plants in frequency regulation considering time-varying delays," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 1363-1376.
    3. Hassan Haes Alhelou & Mohamad-Esmail Hamedani-Golshan & Reza Zamani & Ehsan Heydarian-Forushani & Pierluigi Siano, 2018. "Challenges and Opportunities of Load Frequency Control in Conventional, Modern and Future Smart Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-35, September.
    4. Shankar, Ravi & Pradhan, S.R. & Chatterjee, Kalyan & Mandal, Rajasi, 2017. "A comprehensive state of the art literature survey on LFC mechanism for power system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 1185-1207.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bi-Ying Chen & Xing-Chen Shangguan & Li Jin & Dan-Yun Li, 2020. "An Improved Stability Criterion for Load Frequency Control of Power Systems with Time-Varying Delays," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Mohammad Haziq Ibrahim & Ang Swee Peng & Muhammad Norfauzi Dani & Ashraf Khalil & Kah Haw Law & Sharina Yunus & Mohammad Ishlah Rahman & Thien Wan Au, 2023. "A Novel Computation of Delay Margin Based on Grey Wolf Optimisation for a Load Frequency Control of Two-Area-Network Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-19, March.
    3. Ashraf Khalil & Dina Shona Laila, 2022. "An Accurate Method for Computing the Delay Margin in Load Frequency Control System with Gain and Phase Margins," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, May.

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