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Internalization of stigma for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Hong Kong

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  • Mak, Winnie W.S.
  • Kwok, Yvonne T.Y.

Abstract

An attribution model was tested to explain the internalization of stigma among parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In the model, the internalization paths from courtesy stigma to affiliate stigma and the impact of three types of social support on affiliate stigma and psychological well-being were examined. The study was conducted in Hong Kong, China; one hundred and eighty-eight parents of children with ASD were recruited to complete the questionnaire. The model showed excellent fit to the data. Path analysis suggested three possible paths of internalizing courtesy stigma, including the direct path to affiliate stigma, through perceived controllability, or through perceived responsibility and self-blame. Support from family, significant others, friends, or professionals was found to be related to affiliate stigma and psychological well-being differentially. The internalization of stigma among parents of ASD children was severe. The path model sheds light on possible ways to reduce stigma in future services.

Suggested Citation

  • Mak, Winnie W.S. & Kwok, Yvonne T.Y., 2010. "Internalization of stigma for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Hong Kong," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(12), pages 2045-2051, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:70:y:2010:i:12:p:2045-2051
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mak, Winnie W.S. & Cheung, Rebecca Y.M. & Law, Rita W. & Woo, Jean & Li, Patrick C.K. & Chung, Rita W.Y., 2007. "Examining attribution model of self-stigma on social support and psychological well-being among people with HIV+/AIDS," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(8), pages 1549-1559, April.
    2. Kelvin M.T. Fung & Hector W.H. Tsang & Patrick W. Corrigan & Chow S. Lam & Wai-ming Cheng, 2007. "Measuring Self-Stigma of Mental Illness in China and Its Implications for Recovery," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 53(5), pages 408-418, September.
    3. Schulze, Beate & Angermeyer, Matthias C., 2003. "Subjective experiences of stigma. A focus group study of schizophrenic patients, their relatives and mental health professionals," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 56(2), pages 299-312, January.
    4. Benson, Paul R. & Fisher, Gene A. & Diana, Augusto & Simon, Lorna & Gamache, Gail & Tessler, Richard C. & McDermeit, Melissa, 1996. "A state network of family support services: The massachusetts family support demonstration project," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 27-39, February.
    5. Green, Sara E., 2003. ""What do you mean 'what's wrong with her?'": stigma and the lives of families of children with disabilities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 57(8), pages 1361-1374, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Song, Jieun & Mailick, Marsha R. & Greenberg, Jan S., 2018. "Health of parents of individuals with developmental disorders or mental health problems: Impacts of stigma," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 152-158.
    2. Syeda K. Ahmed & David Jeffries & Anannya Chakraborty & Petra Lietz & Amit Kaushik & Budiarti Rahayu & David Armstrong & Kris Sundarsagar, 2021. "PROTOCOL: Teacher professional development for disability inclusion in low‐ and middle‐income Asia‐Pacific countries: An evidence and gap map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(4), December.
    3. Proeschold-Bell, Rae Jean & Molokwu, Nneka Jebose & Keyes, Corey L.M. & Sohail, Malik Muhammad & Eagle, David E. & Parnell, Heather E. & Kinghorn, Warren A. & Amanya, Cyrilla & Vann, Vanroth & Madan, , 2019. "Caring and thriving: An international qualitative study of caregivers of orphaned and vulnerable children and strategies to sustain positive mental health," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 143-153.
    4. Maryam Farzand & Engin Baysen, 2018. "Group differences on affiliate stigma experienced by family caregivers of psychiatric patients," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 52(5), pages 2403-2412, September.

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