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Internalized stigma in people with severe mental illness in rural China

Author

Listed:
  • Mao-Sheng Ran
  • Tian-Ming Zhang
  • Irene Yin-Ling Wong
  • Xin Yang
  • Chang-Cheng Liu
  • Bo Liu
  • Wei Luo
  • Wei-Hong Kuang
  • Graham Thornicroft
  • Cecilia Lai-Wan Chan

Abstract

Background: It is unknown whether there are differences in self-stigma among persons with different types of severe mental illness (SMI) in rural communities. Aim: This study was to examine the differences of self-stigma and its correlates in persons with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder in a rural community in China. Methods: A total of 453 persons with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder in a rural community participated in the study. The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) was used to measure self-stigma. The t -test and analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine the differences in mean scores of ISMI and subscales among the three diagnoses. Logistic regression was used to explore the contributing factors to the level of self-stigma among the three groups. Results: Self-stigma was moderate and severe with 94.7% of the total sample. Persons with schizophrenia had significantly higher mean scores of total ISMI, alienation and discrimination experience than those with bipolar disorders. Lower family income was significantly associated with higher levels of self-stigma in persons with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. Factors predicting the level of self-stigma among the three groups were various. Conclusion: Self-stigma is common and severe in persons with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, especially those with lower income status in rural community in China. Persons with schizophrenia may have higher levels of self-stigma than those with bipolar disorder. Individual-level interventions should be developed to reduce self-stigma among persons with SMI in Chinese rural communities.

Suggested Citation

  • Mao-Sheng Ran & Tian-Ming Zhang & Irene Yin-Ling Wong & Xin Yang & Chang-Cheng Liu & Bo Liu & Wei Luo & Wei-Hong Kuang & Graham Thornicroft & Cecilia Lai-Wan Chan, 2018. "Internalized stigma in people with severe mental illness in rural China," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 64(1), pages 9-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:64:y:2018:i:1:p:9-16
    DOI: 10.1177/0020764017743999
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mak, Winnie W.S. & Poon, Cecilia Y.M. & Pun, Loraine Y.K. & Cheung, Shu Fai, 2007. "Meta-analysis of stigma and mental health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(2), pages 245-261, July.
    2. Livingston, James D. & Boyd, Jennifer E., 2010. "Correlates and consequences of internalized stigma for people living with mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(12), pages 2150-2161, December.
    3. Kelvin M.T. Fung & Hector W.H. Tsang & Patrick W. Corrigan & Chow S. Lam & Wai-ming Cheng, 2007. "Measuring Self-Stigma of Mental Illness in China and Its Implications for Recovery," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 53(5), pages 408-418, September.
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