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Air electrodes and related degradation mechanisms in solid oxide electrolysis and reversible solid oxide cells

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  • Khan, M.S.
  • Xu, X.
  • Knibbe, R.
  • Zhu, Z.

Abstract

This paper reviews the existing literature on the degradation behaviour of different air electrodes used for solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) and reversible solid oxide cells (RSOCs). It begins with a brief introduction to solid oxide cells (SOCs). An overview and degradation behaviour of different fuel electrodes and electrolyte materials during the SOEC operation are then provided briefly. The major focus of the current review is to understand air electrode degradation in detail. Therefore, the existing proposed mechanisms for air electrode delamination, and various studies reporting the delamination issue during SOEC operation are intensively reviewed. An introduction to RSOCs and the degradation issues for different air electrodes during RSOC tests are then discussed. Finally, mitigation strategies for delamination; recommendations for future degradation studies and some suggestions to develop more active and stable air electrodes for future SOEC and RSOC applications are presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Khan, M.S. & Xu, X. & Knibbe, R. & Zhu, Z., 2021. "Air electrodes and related degradation mechanisms in solid oxide electrolysis and reversible solid oxide cells," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:143:y:2021:i:c:s1364032121002112
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110918
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    1. Zhao, Kai & Lu, Jiaxin & Le, Long & Coyle, Chris & Marina, Olga A. & Huang, Kevin, 2024. "A high-performance intermediate temperature reversible solid oxide cell with a new barrier layer free oxygen electrode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 361(C).
    2. Choe, Changgwon & Cheon, Seunghyun & Gu, Jiwon & Lim, Hankwon, 2022. "Critical aspect of renewable syngas production for power-to-fuel via solid oxide electrolysis: Integrative assessment for potential renewable energy source," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    3. Hector del Pozo Gonzalez & Marc Torrell & Lucile Bernadet & Fernando D. Bianchi & Lluís Trilla & Albert Tarancón & Jose Luis Domínguez-García, 2023. "Mathematical Modeling and Thermal Control of a 1.5 kW Reversible Solid Oxide Stack for 24/7 Hydrogen Plants," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-18, January.
    4. Xia, Zhiping & Zhao, Dongqi & Li, Yuanzheng & Deng, Zhonghua & Kupecki, Jakub & Fu, Xiaowei & Li, Xi, 2023. "Control-oriented dynamic process optimization of solid oxide electrolysis cell system with the gas characteristic regarding oxygen electrode delamination," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    5. Hong, Junsung & Grimes, Jerren & Cox, Dalton & Barnett, Scott A., 2024. "Life testing of 10 cm × 10 cm fuel-electrode-supported solid oxide cells in reversible operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).

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