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Adoption and impacts of clean bioenergy cookstoves in Kenya

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  • Karanja, Alice
  • Gasparatos, Alexandros

Abstract

Kenya is one of the leading countries in the development and commercialization of clean bioenergy stoves in Sub-Sahara Africa. However, due to a series of interconnected factors, the adoption and sustained use of clean bioenergy stoves remains low in the country. This study synthesizes the current knowledge about clean and efficient bioenergy stoves in Kenya through a comprehensive review that brings together the disparate knowledge about the context, status, adoption and impacts of clean bioenergy stoves in Kenya. We start by outlining the main national policies technological, options and stakeholders involved in the clean bioenergy stove value chain such as government agencies, private companies, research organisations, and the civil society. Despite their different roles and interests, there is a shared expectation among all involved stakeholders that clean bioenergy stoves will curb the negative sustainability impacts of traditional cooking options on energy security/poverty, human health, rural livelihoods, gender equality, and the environment. However, a series of factors affect the adoption and sustained use of clean bioenergy stoves such as market structure, consumer awareness, stove design/performance, and the socioeconomic status and cultural practices of stove users. We develop a conceptual framework that illustrates the interlinkages between these factors of adoption and impacts, and outline their varying degree of importance in Kenya. We finish this review by suggesting six policy and practice domains that need to be targeted by policies and research if an effective transition towards universal clean cooking is to be achieved in Kenya. These include to (a) adopt integrated policy approaches and enhance stakeholder collaboration; (b) raise awareness of the benefits of clean bioenergy cooking options; (c) facilitate access to funding and establish appropriate economic incentives; (d) implement quality assurance mechanisms; (e) facilitate behavioural change among stove users; (f) enhance research, development, and technical capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Karanja, Alice & Gasparatos, Alexandros, 2019. "Adoption and impacts of clean bioenergy cookstoves in Kenya," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 285-306.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:102:y:2019:i:c:p:285-306
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.12.006
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