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The effects of ethanol–unleaded gasoline blends on engine performance and exhaust emissions in a spark-ignition engine

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  • Koç, Mustafa
  • Sekmen, Yakup
  • Topgül, Tolga
  • Yücesu, Hüseyin Serdar

Abstract

Alcohols have been used as a fuel for engines since 19th century. Among the various alcohols, ethanol is known as the most suited renewable, bio-based and ecofriendly fuel for spark-ignition (SI) engines. The most attractive properties of ethanol as an SI engine fuel are that it can be produced from renewable energy sources such as sugar, cane, cassava, many types of waste biomass materials, corn and barley. In addition, ethanol has higher evaporation heat, octane number and flammability temperature therefore it has positive influence on engine performance and reduces exhaust emissions. In this study, the effects of unleaded gasoline (E0) and unleaded gasoline–ethanol blends (E50 and E85) on engine performance and pollutant emissions were investigated experimentally in a single cylinder four-stroke spark-ignition engine at two compression ratios (10:1 and 11:1). The engine speed was changed from 1500 to 5000rpm at wide open throttle (WOT). The results of the engine test showed that ethanol addition to unleaded gasoline increase the engine torque, power and fuel consumption and reduce carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. It was also found that ethanol–gasoline blends allow increasing compression ratio (CR) without knock occurrence.

Suggested Citation

  • Koç, Mustafa & Sekmen, Yakup & Topgül, Tolga & Yücesu, Hüseyin Serdar, 2009. "The effects of ethanol–unleaded gasoline blends on engine performance and exhaust emissions in a spark-ignition engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(10), pages 2101-2106.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:34:y:2009:i:10:p:2101-2106
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2009.01.018
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bayraktar, Hakan, 2005. "Experimental and theoretical investigation of using gasoline–ethanol blends in spark-ignition engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(11), pages 1733-1747.
    2. Topgül, Tolga & Yücesu, Hüseyin Serdar & Çinar, Can & Koca, Atilla, 2006. "The effects of ethanol–unleaded gasoline blends and ignition timing on engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(15), pages 2534-2542.
    3. Niven, Robert K., 2005. "Ethanol in gasoline: environmental impacts and sustainability review article," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 9(6), pages 535-555, December.
    4. Yüksel, Fikret & Yüksel, Bedri, 2004. "The use of ethanol–gasoline blend as a fuel in an SI engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(7), pages 1181-1191.
    5. Hu, Zhiyuan & Pu, Gengqiang & Fang, Fang & Wang, Chengtao, 2004. "Economics, environment, and energy life cycle assessment of automobiles fueled by bio-ethanol blends in China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(14), pages 2183-2192.
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