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A visionary and conceptual macroalgae-based third-generation bioethanol (TGB) biorefinery in Sabah, Malaysia as an underlay for renewable and sustainable development

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  • Goh, Chun Sheng
  • Lee, Keat Teong

Abstract

Several biofuel candidates were proposed to displace fossil fuels in order to eliminate the vulnerability of energy sector. Biodiesel and bioethanol produced from terrestrial plants have attracted the attention of the world as potential substitute. However, due to food vs. fuel competition as well as land consumption of these biofuel, they have brought much controversy and debate on their sustainability. In this respect, cultivation of macroalgae such as seaweed at sea water which does not expend arable land and fertilizers provides a possible solution for this energy issue. Carbohydrates derived from seaweeds contain hexose sugars which are suitable materials for fermentation to produce ethanol. Therefore, it is possible to produce fuel ethanol from seaweeds. The potential and prospective of seaweeds to play the role as a sustainable energy provider are demonstrated in this paper. This study offers a conceivable picture of macroalgae-based third-generation bioethanol biorefinery to stimulate the initiation of the exploration in the related field.

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  • Goh, Chun Sheng & Lee, Keat Teong, 2010. "A visionary and conceptual macroalgae-based third-generation bioethanol (TGB) biorefinery in Sabah, Malaysia as an underlay for renewable and sustainable development," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 842-848, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:14:y:2010:i:2:p:842-848
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    5. Suganya, T. & Varman, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Renganathan, S., 2016. "Macroalgae and microalgae as a potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production: A biorefinery approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 909-941.
    6. Alvin B. Culaba & Aristotle T. Ubando & Phoebe Mae L. Ching & Wei-Hsin Chen & Jo-Shu Chang, 2020. "Biofuel from Microalgae: Sustainable Pathways," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-19, September.
    7. Shekarchian, M. & Moghavvemi, M. & Motasemi, F. & Zarifi, F. & Mahlia, T.M.I., 2012. "Energy and fuel consumption forecast by retrofitting absorption cooling in Malaysia from 2012 to 2025," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 6128-6141.
    8. Indrajeet Singh & Ashutosh Pandey & Sumarlin Shangdiar & Piyush Kant Rai & Ajay Kumar & Kassian T. T. Amesho & Faizal Bux, 2023. "Towards Sustainable Energy: Harnessing Microalgae Biofuels for a Greener Future," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-27, September.
    9. Ghadiryanfar, Mohsen & Rosentrater, Kurt A. & Keyhani, Alireza & Omid, Mahmoud, 2016. "A review of macroalgae production, with potential applications in biofuels and bioenergy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 473-481.
    10. Bibi, Riaz & Ahmad, Zulfiqar & Imran, Muhammad & Hussain, Sabir & Ditta, Allah & Mahmood, Shahid & Khalid, Azeem, 2017. "Algal bioethanol production technology: A trend towards sustainable development," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 976-985.
    11. Borines, M.G. & de Leon, R.L. & McHenry, M.P., 2011. "Bioethanol production from farming non-food macroalgae in Pacific island nations: Chemical constituents, bioethanol yields, and prospective species in the Philippines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4432-4435.
    12. Banerjee, Sanjukta & Banerjee, Srijoni & Ghosh, Ananta K. & Das, Debabrata, 2020. "Maneuvering the genetic and metabolic pathway for improving biofuel production in algae: Present status and future prospective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    13. Tedesco, S. & Daniels, S., 2019. "Evaluation of inoculum acclimatation and biochemical seasonal variation for the production of renewable gaseous fuel from biorefined Laminaria sp. waste streams," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 1-8.
    14. Philippsen, Aaron & Wild, Peter & Rowe, Andrew, 2014. "Energy input, carbon intensity and cost for ethanol produced from farmed seaweed," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 609-623.
    15. Sudhakar, M.P. & Arunkumar, K. & Perumal, K., 2020. "Pretreatment and process optimization of spent seaweed biomass (SSB) for bioethanol production using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 456-471.
    16. Jambo, Siti Azmah & Abdulla, Rahmath & Mohd Azhar, Siti Hajar & Marbawi, Hartinie & Gansau, Jualang Azlan & Ravindra, Pogaku, 2016. "A review on third generation bioethanol feedstock," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 756-769.
    17. Hossain, Nazia & Zaini, Juliana & Indra Mahlia, Teuku Meurah, 2019. "Life cycle assessment, energy balance and sensitivity analysis of bioethanol production from microalgae in a tropical country," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).

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