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Palm oil biodiesel synthesized with potassium loaded calcined hydrotalcite and effect of biodiesel blend on elastomer properties

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  • Trakarnpruk, Wimonrat
  • Porntangjitlikit, Suriya

Abstract

Biodiesel was prepared from palm oil by transesterification with methanol in the presence of 1.5%K loaded–calcined Mg-Al hydrotalcite. Fatty acid methyl esters content of 96.9% and methyl ester yield of 86.6% were achieved using a 30:1 methanol to oil molar ratio at 100°C for 6h and 7wt% catalyst. The biodiesel was characterized and its impact on elastomer properties was evaluated. The compatibility of B10 diesel blend (10% biodiesel) with six types of elastomers commonly found in fuel systems (NBR, HNBR, NBR/PVC, acrylic rubber, co-polymer FKM, and terpolymer FKM) were investigated. The physical properties of elastomers after immersion in tested fuels (for 22, 670, and 1008h at 100°C) were measured according to American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM). These include swelling (mass change and volume change), hardness, tensile and elongation, as well as the dynamic mechanical property. The results showed that properties of NBR, NBR/PVC and acrylic rubber were affected more than other elastomers. This is due to the absorption and dissolving of biodiesel by rubber in these samples. Co-polymer FKM and terpolymer FKM which are fluoroelastomers show little property change.

Suggested Citation

  • Trakarnpruk, Wimonrat & Porntangjitlikit, Suriya, 2008. "Palm oil biodiesel synthesized with potassium loaded calcined hydrotalcite and effect of biodiesel blend on elastomer properties," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(7), pages 1558-1563.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:33:y:2008:i:7:p:1558-1563
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2007.08.003
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    Cited by:

    1. da Costa Evangelista, João Paulo & Gondim, Amanda Duarte & Souza, Luiz Di & Araujo, Antonio Souza, 2016. "Alumina-supported potassium compounds as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 887-894.
    2. Dahdah, Eliane & Estephane, Jane & Haydar, Reem & Youssef, Yara & El Khoury, Bilal & Gennequin, Cedric & Aboukaïs, Antoine & Abi-Aad, Edmond & Aouad, Samer, 2020. "Biodiesel production from refined sunflower oil over Ca–Mg–Al catalysts: Effect of the composition and the thermal treatment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 1242-1248.
    3. Chandran, Davannendran, 2020. "Compatibility of diesel engine materials with biodiesel fuel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 89-99.
    4. Andreas Vonortas & Nikolaos Papayannakos, 2014. "Comparative analysis of biodiesel versus green diesel," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(1), pages 3-23, January.
    5. Tariq, Muhammad & Ali, Saqib & Khalid, Nasir, 2012. "Activity of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, spectroscopic and chromatographic characterization of biodiesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 6303-6316.
    6. Linhares, Felipe Nunes & Corrêa, Harrison Lourenço & Khalil, Carlos Nagib & Amorim Moreira Leite, Márcia Christina & Guimarães Furtado, Cristina Russi, 2013. "Study of the compatibility of nitrile rubber with Brazilian biodiesel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 102-106.
    7. Fazal, M.A. & Haseeb, A.S.M.A. & Masjuki, H.H., 2011. "Biodiesel feasibility study: An evaluation of material compatibility; performance; emission and engine durability," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 1314-1324, February.
    8. Akhlaghi, Shahin & Gedde, Ulf W. & Hedenqvist, Mikael S. & Braña, Maria T. Conde & Bellander, Martin, 2015. "Deterioration of automotive rubbers in liquid biofuels: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1238-1248.
    9. Zanette, Andréia F. & Barella, Rodrigo A. & Pergher, Sibele B.C. & Treichel, Helen & Oliveira, Débora & Mazutti, Marcio A. & Silva, Edson A. & Oliveira, J. Vladimir, 2011. "Screening, optimization and kinetics of Jatropha curcas oil transesterification with heterogeneous catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 726-731.
    10. Haseeb, A.S.M.A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Siang, C.T. & Fazal, M.A., 2010. "Compatibility of elastomers in palm biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 2356-2361.
    11. Haseeb, A.S.M.A. & Jun, T.S. & Fazal, M.A. & Masjuki, H.H., 2011. "Degradation of physical properties of different elastomers upon exposure to palm biodiesel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 1814-1819.
    12. Fazal, M.A. & Haseeb, A.S.M.A. & Masjuki, H.H., 2012. "Degradation of automotive materials in palm biodiesel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 76-83.
    13. Sorate, Kamalesh A. & Bhale, Purnanand V., 2015. "Biodiesel properties and automotive system compatibility issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 777-798.

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