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Design of mixed-mode natural convection solar crop dryers: Application of principles and rules of thumb

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  • Forson, F.K.
  • Nazha, M.A.A.
  • Akuffo, F.O.
  • Rajakaruna, H.

Abstract

A mixed-mode natural convection solar crop dryer (MNCSCD) designed and used for drying cassava and other crops in an enclosed structure is presented. A prototype of the dryer was constructed to specification and used in experimental drying tests. This paper outlines the systematic combination of the application of basic design concepts, and rules of thumb resulting from numerous and several years of experimental studies used and presents the results of calculations of the design parameters. A batch of cassava 160kg by mass, having an initial moisture content of 67% wet basis from which 100kg of water is required to be removed to have it dried to a desired moisture content of 17% wet basis, is used as the drying load in designing the dryer. A drying time of 30–36h is assumed for the anticipated test location (Kumasi; 6.7°N,1.6°W) with an expected average solar irradiance of 400W/m2 and ambient conditions of 25°C and 77.8% relative humidity. A minimum of 42.4m2 of solar collection area, according to the design, is required for an expected drying efficiency of 12.5%. Under average ambient conditions of 28.2°C and 72.1% relative humidity with solar irradiance of 340.4W/m2, a drying time of 35.5h was realised and the drying efficiency was evaluated as 12.3% when tested under full designed load signifying that the design procedure proposed is sufficiently reliable.

Suggested Citation

  • Forson, F.K. & Nazha, M.A.A. & Akuffo, F.O. & Rajakaruna, H., 2007. "Design of mixed-mode natural convection solar crop dryers: Application of principles and rules of thumb," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(14), pages 2306-2319.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:32:y:2007:i:14:p:2306-2319
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2006.12.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sinjeri, Lj. & Kulišić, P., 1994. "Solar radiation on variously oriented collectors in Croatia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 4(2), pages 235-240.
    2. Augustus Leon, M. & Kumar, S. & Bhattacharya, S. C., 2002. "A comprehensive procedure for performance evaluation of solar food dryers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 367-393, August.
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    4. Fudholi, Ahmad & Sopian, Kamaruzzaman & Bakhtyar, B. & Gabbasa, Mohamed & Othman, Mohd Yusof & Ruslan, Mohd Hafidz, 2015. "Review of solar drying systems with air based solar collectors in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1191-1204.
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    12. Ndukwu, M.C. & Onyenwigwe, D. & Abam, F.I. & Eke, A.B. & Dirioha, C., 2020. "Development of a low-cost wind-powered active solar dryer integrated with glycerol as thermal storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 553-568.
    13. Erick César, López-Vidaña & Ana Lilia, César-Munguía & Octavio, García-Valladares & Isaac, Pilatowsky Figueroa & Rogelio, Brito Orosco, 2020. "Thermal performance of a passive, mixed-type solar dryer for tomato slices (Solanum lycopersicum)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 845-855.
    14. Sekyere, C.K.K. & Forson, F.K. & Adam, F.W., 2016. "Experimental investigation of the drying characteristics of a mixed mode natural convection solar crop dryer with back up heater," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 532-542.
    15. Boroze, Tchamye & Desmorieux, Hélène & Méot, Jean-Michel & Marouzé, Claude & Azouma, Yaovi & Napo, Kossi, 2014. "Inventory and comparative characteristics of dryers used in the sub-Saharan zone: Criteria influencing dryer choice," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 1240-1259.
    16. Sangamithra, A. & Swamy, Gabriela John & Prema, R. Sorna & Priyavarshini, R. & Chandrasekar, V. & Sasikala, S., 2014. "An overview of a polyhouse dryer," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 902-910.
    17. Karthikeyan, A.K. & Murugavelh, S., 2018. "Thin layer drying kinetics and exergy analysis of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in a mixed mode forced convection solar tunnel dryer," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(PA), pages 305-312.

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