IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/reensy/v197y2020ics095183201930540x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Spurious activation and operational integrity evaluation of redundant safety instrumented systems

Author

Listed:
  • Qi, Meng
  • Kan, Yufeng
  • Li, Xun
  • Wang, Xiaoying
  • Zhao, Dongfeng
  • Moon, Il

Abstract

Safety instrumented systems (SISs) used in various industries are designed to perform specific safety functions to prevent possible accident scenarios. However, spurious activation occurs when a SIS is activated in an untimely manner, potentially resulting in production interruption, economic loss as well as risk to present during the system restoration. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the spurious activation rate to reduce the number of spurious activations and achieve the highest overall level of risk reduction. This study analyzes possible scenarios leading to a spurious trip in SIS subsystems and presents a further development of existing analytical formulas to calculate the spurious trip rate (STR) for any KooN configuration. The proposed formulas are compared to the existing ones to evidence the improvements and are applied in numerical calculations to investigate the operational integrity of SIS subsystems. Results indicate that common cause failure contributes to most of the STR in input elements and logic solvers, and optimal configurations with both lower PFDavg and lower STR are identified in each subsystem. The overall approach is illustrated via a simple case study and some conclusions are drawn.

Suggested Citation

  • Qi, Meng & Kan, Yufeng & Li, Xun & Wang, Xiaoying & Zhao, Dongfeng & Moon, Il, 2020. "Spurious activation and operational integrity evaluation of redundant safety instrumented systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:197:y:2020:i:c:s095183201930540x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2019.106785
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095183201930540X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ress.2019.106785?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Longhi, Antonio Eduardo Bier & Pessoa, Artur Alves & Garcia, Pauli Adriano de Almada, 2015. "Multiobjective optimization of strategies for operation and testing of low-demand safety instrumented systems using a genetic algorithm and fault trees," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 525-538.
    2. Torres-Echeverría, A.C. & Martorell, S. & Thompson, H.A., 2012. "Multi-objective optimization of design and testing of safety instrumented systems with MooN voting architectures using a genetic algorithm," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 45-60.
    3. Torres-Echeverría, A.C. & Martorell, S. & Thompson, H.A., 2009. "Design optimization of a safety-instrumented system based on RAMS+C addressing IEC 61508 requirements and diverse redundancy," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 94(2), pages 162-179.
    4. Wu, Shengnan & Zhang, Laibin & Zheng, Wenpei & Liu, Yiliu & Lundteigen, Mary Ann, 2019. "Reliability modeling of subsea SISs partial testing subject to delayed restoration," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    5. Lundteigen, Mary Ann & Rausand, Marvin, 2008. "Spurious activation of safety instrumented systems in the oil and gas industry: Basic concepts and formulas," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 93(8), pages 1208-1217.
    6. Torres-Echeverría, A.C. & Martorell, S. & Thompson, H.A., 2011. "Modeling safety instrumented systems with MooN voting architectures addressing system reconfiguration for testing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 96(5), pages 545-563.
    7. Alizadeh, Siamak & Sriramula, Srinivas, 2018. "Unavailability assessment of redundant safety instrumented systems subject to process demand," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 18-33.
    8. Innal, Fares & Dutuit, Yves & Chebila, Mourad, 2015. "Safety and operational integrity evaluation and design optimization of safety instrumented systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 32-50.
    9. Jigar, Abraham Almaw & Liu, Yiliu & Lundteigen, Mary Ann, 2016. "Spurious activation analysis of safety-instrumented systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 15-23.
    10. Alizadeh, Siamak & Sriramula, Srinivas, 2018. "Impact of common cause failure on reliability performance of redundant safety related systems subject to process demand," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 129-150.
    11. Lu, Lixuan & Jiang, Jin, 2007. "Analysis of on-line maintenance strategies for k-out-of-n standby safety systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 92(2), pages 144-155.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Misuri, Alessio & Landucci, Gabriele & Cozzani, Valerio, 2021. "Assessment of safety barrier performance in the mitigation of domino scenarios caused by Natech events," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    2. Bao, Han & Zhang, Hongbin & Shorthill, Tate & Chen, Edward & Lawrence, Svetlana, 2023. "Quantitative evaluation of common cause failures in high safety-significant safety-related digital instrumentation and control systems in nuclear power plants," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    3. Cheraghi, Morteza & Taghipour, Sharareh, 2024. "A mathematical optimization model for determining safety integrity levels in process facilities," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wu, Shengnan & Zhang, Laibin & Zheng, Wenpei & Liu, Yiliu & Lundteigen, Mary Ann, 2019. "Reliability modeling of subsea SISs partial testing subject to delayed restoration," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    2. Meng, Huixing & Kloul, Leïla & Rauzy, Antoine, 2018. "Modeling patterns for reliability assessment of safety instrumented systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 111-123.
    3. Azizpour, Hooshyar & Lundteigen, Mary Ann, 2019. "Analysis of simplification in Markov-based models for performance assessment of Safety Instrumented System," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 252-260.
    4. Cheraghi, Morteza & Taghipour, Sharareh, 2024. "A mathematical optimization model for determining safety integrity levels in process facilities," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    5. Longhi, Antonio Eduardo Bier & Pessoa, Artur Alves & Garcia, Pauli Adriano de Almada, 2015. "Multiobjective optimization of strategies for operation and testing of low-demand safety instrumented systems using a genetic algorithm and fault trees," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 525-538.
    6. Torres-Echeverría, A.C. & Martorell, S. & Thompson, H.A., 2012. "Multi-objective optimization of design and testing of safety instrumented systems with MooN voting architectures using a genetic algorithm," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 45-60.
    7. Mechri, Walid & Simon, Christophe & BenOthman, Kamel, 2015. "Switching Markov chains for a holistic modeling of SIS unavailability," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 212-222.
    8. Fu, Jianmin & Li, Honghao & Chi, Yajuan & Zhen, Jia & Xu, Xiangfeng, 2021. "nSIL Evaluation and Sensitivity Study of Diverse Redundant Structure," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    9. Innal, Fares & Dutuit, Yves & Chebila, Mourad, 2015. "Safety and operational integrity evaluation and design optimization of safety instrumented systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 32-50.
    10. Liu, Yiliu & Rausand, Marvin, 2016. "Proof-testing strategies induced by dangerous detected failures of safety-instrumented systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 366-372.
    11. Innal, Fares & Lundteigen, Mary Ann & Liu, Yiliu & Barros, Anne, 2016. "PFDavg generalized formulas for SIS subject to partial and full periodic tests based on multi-phase Markov models," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 160-170.
    12. Cai, Baoping & Li, Wenchao & Liu, Yiliu & Shao, Xiaoyan & Zhang, Yanping & Zhao, Yi & Liu, Zengkai & Ji, Renjie & Liu, Yonghong, 2021. "Modeling for evaluation of safety instrumented systems with heterogeneous components," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    13. Torres-Echeverría, A.C. & Martorell, S. & Thompson, H.A., 2011. "Modeling safety instrumented systems with MooN voting architectures addressing system reconfiguration for testing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 96(5), pages 545-563.
    14. Gabriel, Angelito & Ozansoy, Cagil & Shi, Juan, 2018. "Developments in SIL determination and calculation," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 148-161.
    15. Chuan Wang & Yupeng Liu & Wen Hou & Chao Yu & Guorong Wang & Yuyan Zheng, 2021. "Reliability and availability modeling of Subsea Autonomous High Integrity Pressure Protection System with partial stroke test by Dynamic Bayesian," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 235(2), pages 268-281, April.
    16. Eisinger, S. & Oliveira, L.F., 2021. "Evaluating the safety integrity of safety systems for all values of the demand rate," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    17. Min Zhang & Zhijian Zhang & Ali Mosleh & Sijuan Chen, 2017. "Common cause failure model updating for risk monitoring in nuclear power plants based on alpha factor model," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 231(3), pages 209-220, June.
    18. Lundteigen, Mary Ann & Rausand, Marvin, 2009. "Architectural constraints in IEC 61508: Do they have the intended effect?," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 94(2), pages 520-525.
    19. Ding, Long & Wang, Hong & Jiang, Jin & Xu, Aidong, 2017. "SIL verification for SRS with diverse redundancy based on system degradation using reliability block diagram," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 170-187.
    20. Farzin Salehpour-Oskouei & Mohammad Pourgol-Mohammad, 2018. "Sensor placement determination in system health monitoring process based on dual information risk and uncertainty criteria," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 232(1), pages 65-81, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:197:y:2020:i:c:s095183201930540x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/reliability-engineering-and-system-safety .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.