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Efficient twin-field quantum key distribution with heralded single-photon source

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Xiao-Peng
  • Kang, Jia-Le
  • Xie, Jia-Hui
  • Zhang, Ming-Hui

Abstract

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) can overcome the fundamental rate-loss limit in the point-to-point QKD without a quantum repeater, so as to realize key distribution over long distance. In general, weak coherent pulse (WCP) emitted from the attenuated laser is often used as the photon source for TF-QKD and its variants, however, the key generation rate and transmission distance may be restricted for TF-QKD protocols using this type of photon source as it contains a large proportion of vacuum part. Another candidate of photon source within reach of current technology is the heralded single-photon source (HSPS). In this paper, we propose two TF-QKD variants with HSPS and provide the analytical derivation of upper bounds of yields separately with active and passive decoy-state methods. Numerical simulations show that the active decoy-state TF-QKD with HSPS (referred to as Protocol (1) achieves higher secret key rate and tolerates more large transmission loss than the original TF-QKD with WCP source. However, since the active modulation of decoy intensities may leak additional information to the eavesdropper Eve, thus we extend the result of Protocol 1 and further propose a passive decoy-state TF-QKD with HSPS (referred to as Protocol (2). The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of Protocol 2 is close to the original active TF-QKD protocol, and its security and flexibility are further improved.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Xiao-Peng & Kang, Jia-Le & Xie, Jia-Hui & Zhang, Ming-Hui, 2022. "Efficient twin-field quantum key distribution with heralded single-photon source," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 608(P1).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:608:y:2022:i:p1:s0378437122007865
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2022.128228
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Masahiro Takeoka & Saikat Guha & Mark M. Wilde, 2014. "Fundamental rate-loss tradeoff for optical quantum key distribution," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-7, December.
    2. M. Lucamarini & Z. L. Yuan & J. F. Dynes & A. J. Shields, 2018. "Overcoming the rate–distance limit of quantum key distribution without quantum repeaters," Nature, Nature, vol. 557(7705), pages 400-403, May.
    3. Stefano Pirandola & Riccardo Laurenza & Carlo Ottaviani & Leonardo Banchi, 2017. "Fundamental limits of repeaterless quantum communications," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-15, April.
    4. Cecilia Clivati & Alice Meda & Simone Donadello & Salvatore Virzì & Marco Genovese & Filippo Levi & Alberto Mura & Mirko Pittaluga & Zhiliang Yuan & Andrew J. Shields & Marco Lucamarini & Ivo Pietro D, 2022. "Coherent phase transfer for real-world twin-field quantum key distribution," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    5. Marcos Curty & Feihu Xu & Wei Cui & Charles Ci Wen Lim & Kiyoshi Tamaki & Hoi-Kwong Lo, 2014. "Finite-key analysis for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-7, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Qin, Lizhou & Liu, Bin & Gao, Fei & Huang, Wei & Xu, Bingjie & Li, Yang, 2024. "Decoy-state quantum private query protocol with two-way communication," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 633(C).

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