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Long-term effects of the Paraguayan War (1864-1870) on intimate partner violence

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  • Boggiano, Bárbara

Abstract

This study investigates the long-term effects of the Paraguayan War (1864–1870) on intimate partner violence (IPV). The identification relies on a novel historical dataset that uses the distance from regions to military camps during the war and military camps' sizes to proxy the impact of the war across Eastern Paraguay. The likelihood of modern-day IPV is found to be 5.54% higher than the average in areas that were more heavily affected by the war. Consistent with relative improvements in female labour participation and human capital posing a threat to the traditional male breadwinner role in households, the evidence confirms that reduced gender differences in the labour market and human capital accumulation after the war increased the long-term likelihood of IPV. As non-gender types of interpersonal violence are found to be unaffected in the long run, I conclude that the gender norm caused by the war enabled IPV, arguing that women's empowerment is a multi-faceted phenomenon wherein some dimensions, such as IPV, have a greater influence than others.

Suggested Citation

  • Boggiano, Bárbara, 2024. "Long-term effects of the Paraguayan War (1864-1870) on intimate partner violence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 177-224.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:jeborg:v:222:y:2024:i:c:p:177-224
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.04.013
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Intimate partner violence; Persistence; Gender norms; Conflict; Paraguay;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D74 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • J12 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • N16 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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