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Hawkes process modeling of COVID-19 with mobility leading indicators and spatial covariates

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  • Chiang, Wen-Hao
  • Liu, Xueying
  • Mohler, George

Abstract

Hawkes processes are used in statistical modeling for event clustering and causal inference, while they also can be viewed as stochastic versions of popular compartmental models used in epidemiology. Here we show how to develop accurate models of COVID-19 transmission using Hawkes processes with spatial-temporal covariates. We model the conditional intensity of new COVID-19 cases and deaths in the U.S. at the county level, estimating the dynamic reproduction number of the virus within an EM algorithm through a regression on Google mobility indices and demographic covariates in the maximization step. We validate the approach on both short-term and long-term forecasting tasks, showing that the Hawkes process outperforms several models currently used to track the pandemic, including an ensemble approach and an SEIR-variant. We also investigate which covariates and mobility indices are most important for building forecasts of COVID-19 in the U.S.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiang, Wen-Hao & Liu, Xueying & Mohler, George, 2022. "Hawkes process modeling of COVID-19 with mobility leading indicators and spatial covariates," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 505-520.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intfor:v:38:y:2022:i:2:p:505-520
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2021.07.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    5. Francesco Serafini & Finn Lindgren & Mark Naylor, 2023. "Approximation of Bayesian Hawkes process with inlabru," Environmetrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(5), August.
    6. Youngsoo Seol, 2023. "Large Deviations for Hawkes Processes with Randomized Baseline Intensity," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-10, April.
    7. Mercuri, Lorenzo & Perchiazzo, Andrea & Rroji, Edit, 2024. "A Hawkes model with CARMA(p,q) intensity," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 1-26.
    8. Faizeh Hatami & Shi Chen & Rajib Paul & Jean-Claude Thill, 2022. "Simulating and Forecasting the COVID-19 Spread in a U.S. Metropolitan Region with a Spatial SEIR Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-16, November.
    9. Choudhury, Nishat Alam & Ramkumar, M. & Schoenherr, Tobias & Singh, Shalabh, 2023. "The role of operations and supply chain management during epidemics and pandemics: Potential and future research opportunities," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).

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