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Optimally harnessing inter-day and intra-day information for daily value-at-risk prediction

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  • Fuertes, Ana-Maria
  • Olmo, Jose

Abstract

We make use of quantile regression theory to obtain a combination of individual potentially-biased VaR forecasts that is optimal because, by construction, it meets the correct out-of-sample conditional coverage criterion ex post. This enables a Wald-type conditional quantile forecast encompassing test to be used for any finite set of competing (semi/non)parametric models which can be nested. Two attractive properties of this backtesting approach are its robustness to both model risk and estimation uncertainty. We deploy the techniques to analyse inter-day and high frequency intra-day VaR models for equity, FOREX, fixed income and commodity trading desks. The forecast combination of both types of models is especially warranted for more extreme-tail risks. Overall, our empirical analysis supports the use of high frequency 5 minute price information for daily risk management.

Suggested Citation

  • Fuertes, Ana-Maria & Olmo, Jose, 2013. "Optimally harnessing inter-day and intra-day information for daily value-at-risk prediction," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 28-42.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intfor:v:29:y:2013:i:1:p:28-42
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2012.05.005
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    4. Bjoern Schulte-Tillmann & Mawuli Segnon & Timo Wiedemann, 2023. "A comparison of high-frequency realized variance measures: Duration- vs. return-based approaches," CQE Working Papers 10523, Center for Quantitative Economics (CQE), University of Muenster.
    5. Bayer, Sebastian, 2018. "Combining Value-at-Risk forecasts using penalized quantile regressions," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 8(C), pages 56-77.
    6. Seyfi, Seyed Mohammad Sina & Sharifi, Azin & Arian, Hamidreza, 2021. "Portfolio Value-at-Risk and expected-shortfall using an efficient simulation approach based on Gaussian Mixture Model," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 1056-1079.
    7. Chiu, Yen-Chen & Chuang, I-Yuan, 2016. "The performance of the switching forecast model of value-at-risk in the Asian stock markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 43-51.
    8. Dimitriadis, Timo & Liu, Xiaochun & Schnaitmann, Julie, 2020. "Encompassing tests for value at risk and expected shortfall multi-step forecasts based on inference on the boundary," Hohenheim Discussion Papers in Business, Economics and Social Sciences 11-2020, University of Hohenheim, Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Sciences.
    9. Nieto, Maria Rosa & Ruiz, Esther, 2016. "Frontiers in VaR forecasting and backtesting," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 475-501.
    10. Ana-Maria Fuertes & Jose Olmo, 2016. "On Setting Day-Ahead Equity Trading Risk Limits: VaR Prediction at Market Close or Open?," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-20, September.
    11. Meng, Xiaochun & Taylor, James W., 2018. "An approximate long-memory range-based approach for value at risk estimation," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 377-388.
    12. Jayawardena, Nirodha I. & Todorova, Neda & Li, Bin & Su, Jen-Je, 2020. "Volatility forecasting using related markets’ information for the Tokyo stock exchange," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 143-158.
    13. Marius Matei & Xari Rovira & Núria Agell, 2019. "Bivariate Volatility Modeling with High-Frequency Data," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-15, September.
    14. Louzis, Dimitrios P. & Xanthopoulos-Sisinis, Spyros & Refenes, Apostolos P., 2014. "Realized volatility models and alternative Value-at-Risk prediction strategies," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 101-116.
    15. Santos, Douglas G. & Candido, Osvaldo & Tófoli, Paula V., 2022. "Forecasting risk measures using intraday and overnight information," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    16. Andrada-Félix, Julián & Fernández-Rodríguez, Fernando & Fuertes, Ana-Maria, 2016. "Combining nearest neighbor predictions and model-based predictions of realized variance: Does it pay?," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 695-715.
    17. Reber, Beat, 2017. "Does mispricing, liquidity or third-party certification contribute to IPO downside risk?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 25-53.
    18. Seyed Mohammad Sina Seyfi & Azin Sharifi & Hamidreza Arian, 2020. "Portfolio Risk Measurement Using a Mixture Simulation Approach," Papers 2011.07994, arXiv.org.
    19. Ana-Maria Fuertes & Elena Kalotychou & Natasa Todorovic, 2015. "Daily volume, intraday and overnight returns for volatility prediction: profitability or accuracy?," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 45(2), pages 251-278, August.
    20. Taylor, James W., 2020. "Forecast combinations for value at risk and expected shortfall," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 428-441.
    21. Khoo, Zhi De & Ng, Kok Haur & Koh, You Beng & Ng, Kooi Huat, 2024. "Forecasting volatility of stock indices: Improved GARCH-type models through combined weighted volatility measure and weighted volatility indicators," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    22. Arian, Hamid & Moghimi, Mehrdad & Tabatabaei, Ehsan & Zamani, Shiva, 2022. "Encoded Value-at-Risk: A machine learning approach for portfolio risk measurement," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 500-525.
    23. Alessandra Amendola & Vincenzo Candila & Antonio Naimoli & Giuseppe Storti, 2024. "Adaptive combinations of tail-risk forecasts," Papers 2406.06235, arXiv.org.
    24. Ahoniemi, Katja & Lanne, Markku, 2013. "Overnight stock returns and realized volatility," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 592-604.
    25. Jan G. De Gooijer, 2023. "Penalized Averaging of Quantile Forecasts from GARCH Models with Many Exogenous Predictors," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 62(1), pages 407-424, June.

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